9 * Authenticate user with remember capability.
11 * The credentials is an array that has 'user_login', 'user_password', and
12 * 'remember' indices. If the credentials is not given, then the log in form
13 * will be assumed and used if set.
15 * The various authentication cookies will be set by this function and will be
16 * set for a longer period depending on if the 'remember' credential is set to
21 * @param array $credentials Optional. User info in order to sign on.
22 * @param bool $secure_cookie Optional. Whether to use secure cookie.
23 * @return object Either WP_Error on failure, or WP_User on success.
25 function wp_signon( $credentials = '', $secure_cookie = '' ) {
26 if ( empty($credentials) ) {
27 if ( ! empty($_POST['log']) )
28 $credentials['user_login'] = $_POST['log'];
29 if ( ! empty($_POST['pwd']) )
30 $credentials['user_password'] = $_POST['pwd'];
31 if ( ! empty($_POST['rememberme']) )
32 $credentials['remember'] = $_POST['rememberme'];
35 if ( !empty($credentials['remember']) )
36 $credentials['remember'] = true;
38 $credentials['remember'] = false;
40 // TODO do we deprecate the wp_authentication action?
41 do_action_ref_array('wp_authenticate', array(&$credentials['user_login'], &$credentials['user_password']));
43 if ( '' === $secure_cookie )
44 $secure_cookie = is_ssl();
46 $secure_cookie = apply_filters('secure_signon_cookie', $secure_cookie, $credentials);
48 global $auth_secure_cookie; // XXX ugly hack to pass this to wp_authenticate_cookie
49 $auth_secure_cookie = $secure_cookie;
51 add_filter('authenticate', 'wp_authenticate_cookie', 30, 3);
53 $user = wp_authenticate($credentials['user_login'], $credentials['user_password']);
55 if ( is_wp_error($user) ) {
56 if ( $user->get_error_codes() == array('empty_username', 'empty_password') ) {
57 $user = new WP_Error('', '');
63 wp_set_auth_cookie($user->ID, $credentials['remember'], $secure_cookie);
64 do_action('wp_login', $user->user_login, $user);
69 * Authenticate the user using the username and password.
71 add_filter('authenticate', 'wp_authenticate_username_password', 20, 3);
72 function wp_authenticate_username_password($user, $username, $password) {
73 if ( is_a($user, 'WP_User') ) { return $user; }
75 if ( empty($username) || empty($password) ) {
76 $error = new WP_Error();
78 if ( empty($username) )
79 $error->add('empty_username', __('<strong>ERROR</strong>: The username field is empty.'));
81 if ( empty($password) )
82 $error->add('empty_password', __('<strong>ERROR</strong>: The password field is empty.'));
87 $user = get_user_by('login', $username);
90 return new WP_Error('invalid_username', sprintf(__('<strong>ERROR</strong>: Invalid username. <a href="%s" title="Password Lost and Found">Lost your password</a>?'), wp_lostpassword_url()));
92 if ( is_multisite() ) {
93 // Is user marked as spam?
94 if ( 1 == $user->spam)
95 return new WP_Error('invalid_username', __('<strong>ERROR</strong>: Your account has been marked as a spammer.'));
97 // Is a user's blog marked as spam?
98 if ( !is_super_admin( $user->ID ) && isset($user->primary_blog) ) {
99 $details = get_blog_details( $user->primary_blog );
100 if ( is_object( $details ) && $details->spam == 1 )
101 return new WP_Error('blog_suspended', __('Site Suspended.'));
105 $user = apply_filters('wp_authenticate_user', $user, $password);
106 if ( is_wp_error($user) )
109 if ( !wp_check_password($password, $user->user_pass, $user->ID) )
110 return new WP_Error( 'incorrect_password', sprintf( __( '<strong>ERROR</strong>: The password you entered for the username <strong>%1$s</strong> is incorrect. <a href="%2$s" title="Password Lost and Found">Lost your password</a>?' ),
111 $username, wp_lostpassword_url() ) );
117 * Authenticate the user using the WordPress auth cookie.
119 function wp_authenticate_cookie($user, $username, $password) {
120 if ( is_a($user, 'WP_User') ) { return $user; }
122 if ( empty($username) && empty($password) ) {
123 $user_id = wp_validate_auth_cookie();
125 return new WP_User($user_id);
127 global $auth_secure_cookie;
129 if ( $auth_secure_cookie )
130 $auth_cookie = SECURE_AUTH_COOKIE;
132 $auth_cookie = AUTH_COOKIE;
134 if ( !empty($_COOKIE[$auth_cookie]) )
135 return new WP_Error('expired_session', __('Please log in again.'));
137 // If the cookie is not set, be silent.
144 * Number of posts user has written.
147 * @uses $wpdb WordPress database object for queries.
149 * @param int $userid User ID.
150 * @return int Amount of posts user has written.
152 function count_user_posts($userid) {
155 $where = get_posts_by_author_sql('post', true, $userid);
157 $count = $wpdb->get_var( "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM $wpdb->posts $where" );
159 return apply_filters('get_usernumposts', $count, $userid);
163 * Number of posts written by a list of users.
167 * @param array $users Array of user IDs.
168 * @param string $post_type Optional. Post type to check. Defaults to post.
169 * @param bool $public_only Optional. Only return counts for public posts. Defaults to false.
170 * @return array Amount of posts each user has written.
172 function count_many_users_posts( $users, $post_type = 'post', $public_only = false ) {
176 if ( empty( $users ) || ! is_array( $users ) )
179 $userlist = implode( ',', array_map( 'absint', $users ) );
180 $where = get_posts_by_author_sql( $post_type, true, null, $public_only );
182 $result = $wpdb->get_results( "SELECT post_author, COUNT(*) FROM $wpdb->posts $where AND post_author IN ($userlist) GROUP BY post_author", ARRAY_N );
183 foreach ( $result as $row ) {
184 $count[ $row[0] ] = $row[1];
187 foreach ( $users as $id ) {
188 if ( ! isset( $count[ $id ] ) )
196 // User option functions
200 * Get the current user's ID
204 * @uses wp_get_current_user
206 * @return int The current user's ID
208 function get_current_user_id() {
209 $user = wp_get_current_user();
210 return ( isset( $user->ID ) ? (int) $user->ID : 0 );
214 * Retrieve user option that can be either per Site or per Network.
216 * If the user ID is not given, then the current user will be used instead. If
217 * the user ID is given, then the user data will be retrieved. The filter for
218 * the result, will also pass the original option name and finally the user data
219 * object as the third parameter.
221 * The option will first check for the per site name and then the per Network name.
224 * @uses $wpdb WordPress database object for queries.
225 * @uses apply_filters() Calls 'get_user_option_$option' hook with result,
226 * option parameter, and user data object.
228 * @param string $option User option name.
229 * @param int $user Optional. User ID.
230 * @param bool $deprecated Use get_option() to check for an option in the options table.
233 function get_user_option( $option, $user = 0, $deprecated = '' ) {
236 if ( !empty( $deprecated ) )
237 _deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '3.0' );
239 if ( empty( $user ) )
240 $user = get_current_user_id();
242 if ( ! $user = get_userdata( $user ) )
245 if ( $user->has_prop( $wpdb->prefix . $option ) ) // Blog specific
246 $result = $user->get( $wpdb->prefix . $option );
247 elseif ( $user->has_prop( $option ) ) // User specific and cross-blog
248 $result = $user->get( $option );
252 return apply_filters("get_user_option_{$option}", $result, $option, $user);
256 * Update user option with global blog capability.
258 * User options are just like user metadata except that they have support for
259 * global blog options. If the 'global' parameter is false, which it is by default
260 * it will prepend the WordPress table prefix to the option name.
262 * Deletes the user option if $newvalue is empty.
265 * @uses $wpdb WordPress database object for queries
267 * @param int $user_id User ID
268 * @param string $option_name User option name.
269 * @param mixed $newvalue User option value.
270 * @param bool $global Optional. Whether option name is global or blog specific. Default false (blog specific).
273 function update_user_option( $user_id, $option_name, $newvalue, $global = false ) {
277 $option_name = $wpdb->prefix . $option_name;
279 // For backward compatibility. See differences between update_user_meta() and deprecated update_usermeta().
280 // http://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/13088
281 if ( is_null( $newvalue ) || is_scalar( $newvalue ) && empty( $newvalue ) )
282 return delete_user_meta( $user_id, $option_name );
284 return update_user_meta( $user_id, $option_name, $newvalue );
288 * Delete user option with global blog capability.
290 * User options are just like user metadata except that they have support for
291 * global blog options. If the 'global' parameter is false, which it is by default
292 * it will prepend the WordPress table prefix to the option name.
295 * @uses $wpdb WordPress database object for queries
297 * @param int $user_id User ID
298 * @param string $option_name User option name.
299 * @param bool $global Optional. Whether option name is global or blog specific. Default false (blog specific).
302 function delete_user_option( $user_id, $option_name, $global = false ) {
306 $option_name = $wpdb->prefix . $option_name;
307 return delete_user_meta( $user_id, $option_name );
311 * WordPress User Query class.
315 class WP_User_Query {
318 * Query vars, after parsing
324 var $query_vars = array();
327 * List of found user ids
336 * Total number of found users for the current query
342 var $total_users = 0;
356 * @param string|array $args The query variables
357 * @return WP_User_Query
359 function __construct( $query = null ) {
360 if ( !empty( $query ) ) {
361 $this->query_vars = wp_parse_args( $query, array(
362 'blog_id' => $GLOBALS['blog_id'],
366 'meta_compare' => '',
367 'include' => array(),
368 'exclude' => array(),
370 'search_columns' => array(),
371 'orderby' => 'login',
375 'count_total' => true,
380 $this->prepare_query();
386 * Prepare the query variables
391 function prepare_query() {
394 $qv =& $this->query_vars;
396 if ( is_array( $qv['fields'] ) ) {
397 $qv['fields'] = array_unique( $qv['fields'] );
399 $this->query_fields = array();
400 foreach ( $qv['fields'] as $field )
401 $this->query_fields[] = $wpdb->users . '.' . esc_sql( $field );
402 $this->query_fields = implode( ',', $this->query_fields );
403 } elseif ( 'all' == $qv['fields'] ) {
404 $this->query_fields = "$wpdb->users.*";
406 $this->query_fields = "$wpdb->users.ID";
409 if ( $qv['count_total'] )
410 $this->query_fields = 'SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS ' . $this->query_fields;
412 $this->query_from = "FROM $wpdb->users";
413 $this->query_where = "WHERE 1=1";
416 if ( in_array( $qv['orderby'], array('nicename', 'email', 'url', 'registered') ) ) {
417 $orderby = 'user_' . $qv['orderby'];
418 } elseif ( in_array( $qv['orderby'], array('user_nicename', 'user_email', 'user_url', 'user_registered') ) ) {
419 $orderby = $qv['orderby'];
420 } elseif ( 'name' == $qv['orderby'] || 'display_name' == $qv['orderby'] ) {
421 $orderby = 'display_name';
422 } elseif ( 'post_count' == $qv['orderby'] ) {
423 // todo: avoid the JOIN
424 $where = get_posts_by_author_sql('post');
425 $this->query_from .= " LEFT OUTER JOIN (
426 SELECT post_author, COUNT(*) as post_count
430 ) p ON ({$wpdb->users}.ID = p.post_author)
432 $orderby = 'post_count';
433 } elseif ( 'ID' == $qv['orderby'] || 'id' == $qv['orderby'] ) {
436 $orderby = 'user_login';
439 $qv['order'] = strtoupper( $qv['order'] );
440 if ( 'ASC' == $qv['order'] )
444 $this->query_orderby = "ORDER BY $orderby $order";
447 if ( $qv['number'] ) {
449 $this->query_limit = $wpdb->prepare("LIMIT %d, %d", $qv['offset'], $qv['number']);
451 $this->query_limit = $wpdb->prepare("LIMIT %d", $qv['number']);
454 $search = trim( $qv['search'] );
456 $leading_wild = ( ltrim($search, '*') != $search );
457 $trailing_wild = ( rtrim($search, '*') != $search );
458 if ( $leading_wild && $trailing_wild )
460 elseif ( $leading_wild )
462 elseif ( $trailing_wild )
467 $search = trim($search, '*');
469 $search_columns = array();
470 if ( $qv['search_columns'] )
471 $search_columns = array_intersect( $qv['search_columns'], array( 'ID', 'user_login', 'user_email', 'user_url', 'user_nicename' ) );
472 if ( ! $search_columns ) {
473 if ( false !== strpos( $search, '@') )
474 $search_columns = array('user_email');
475 elseif ( is_numeric($search) )
476 $search_columns = array('user_login', 'ID');
477 elseif ( preg_match('|^https?://|', $search) && ! wp_is_large_network( 'users' ) )
478 $search_columns = array('user_url');
480 $search_columns = array('user_login', 'user_nicename');
483 $this->query_where .= $this->get_search_sql( $search, $search_columns, $wild );
486 $blog_id = absint( $qv['blog_id'] );
488 if ( 'authors' == $qv['who'] && $blog_id ) {
489 $qv['meta_key'] = $wpdb->get_blog_prefix( $blog_id ) . 'user_level';
490 $qv['meta_value'] = 0;
491 $qv['meta_compare'] = '!=';
492 $qv['blog_id'] = $blog_id = 0; // Prevent extra meta query
495 $role = trim( $qv['role'] );
497 if ( $blog_id && ( $role || is_multisite() ) ) {
498 $cap_meta_query = array();
499 $cap_meta_query['key'] = $wpdb->get_blog_prefix( $blog_id ) . 'capabilities';
502 $cap_meta_query['value'] = '"' . $role . '"';
503 $cap_meta_query['compare'] = 'like';
506 $qv['meta_query'][] = $cap_meta_query;
509 $meta_query = new WP_Meta_Query();
510 $meta_query->parse_query_vars( $qv );
512 if ( !empty( $meta_query->queries ) ) {
513 $clauses = $meta_query->get_sql( 'user', $wpdb->users, 'ID', $this );
514 $this->query_from .= $clauses['join'];
515 $this->query_where .= $clauses['where'];
517 if ( 'OR' == $meta_query->relation )
518 $this->query_fields = 'DISTINCT ' . $this->query_fields;
521 if ( !empty( $qv['include'] ) ) {
522 $ids = implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $qv['include'] ) );
523 $this->query_where .= " AND $wpdb->users.ID IN ($ids)";
524 } elseif ( !empty($qv['exclude']) ) {
525 $ids = implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $qv['exclude'] ) );
526 $this->query_where .= " AND $wpdb->users.ID NOT IN ($ids)";
529 do_action_ref_array( 'pre_user_query', array( &$this ) );
533 * Execute the query, with the current variables
541 $qv =& $this->query_vars;
543 if ( is_array( $qv['fields'] ) || 'all' == $qv['fields'] ) {
544 $this->results = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT $this->query_fields $this->query_from $this->query_where $this->query_orderby $this->query_limit");
546 $this->results = $wpdb->get_col("SELECT $this->query_fields $this->query_from $this->query_where $this->query_orderby $this->query_limit");
549 if ( $qv['count_total'] )
550 $this->total_users = $wpdb->get_var( apply_filters( 'found_users_query', 'SELECT FOUND_ROWS()' ) );
552 if ( !$this->results )
555 if ( 'all_with_meta' == $qv['fields'] ) {
556 cache_users( $this->results );
559 foreach ( $this->results as $userid )
560 $r[ $userid ] = new WP_User( $userid, '', $qv['blog_id'] );
563 } elseif ( 'all' == $qv['fields'] ) {
564 foreach ( $this->results as $key => $user ) {
565 $this->results[ $key ] = new WP_User( $user );
571 * Retrieve query variable.
576 * @param string $query_var Query variable key.
579 function get( $query_var ) {
580 if ( isset( $this->query_vars[$query_var] ) )
581 return $this->query_vars[$query_var];
587 * Set query variable.
592 * @param string $query_var Query variable key.
593 * @param mixed $value Query variable value.
595 function set( $query_var, $value ) {
596 $this->query_vars[$query_var] = $value;
600 * Used internally to generate an SQL string for searching across multiple columns
605 * @param string $string
607 * @param bool $wild Whether to allow wildcard searches. Default is false for Network Admin, true for
608 * single site. Single site allows leading and trailing wildcards, Network Admin only trailing.
611 function get_search_sql( $string, $cols, $wild = false ) {
612 $string = esc_sql( $string );
615 $leading_wild = ( 'leading' == $wild || 'both' == $wild ) ? '%' : '';
616 $trailing_wild = ( 'trailing' == $wild || 'both' == $wild ) ? '%' : '';
617 foreach ( $cols as $col ) {
619 $searches[] = "$col = '$string'";
621 $searches[] = "$col LIKE '$leading_wild" . like_escape($string) . "$trailing_wild'";
624 return ' AND (' . implode(' OR ', $searches) . ')';
628 * Return the list of users
635 function get_results() {
636 return $this->results;
640 * Return the total number of users for the current query
647 function get_total() {
648 return $this->total_users;
653 * Retrieve list of users matching criteria.
657 * @uses WP_User_Query See for default arguments and information.
659 * @param array $args Optional.
660 * @return array List of users.
662 function get_users( $args = array() ) {
664 $args = wp_parse_args( $args );
665 $args['count_total'] = false;
667 $user_search = new WP_User_Query($args);
669 return (array) $user_search->get_results();
673 * Get the blogs a user belongs to.
677 * @param int $user_id User ID
678 * @param bool $all Whether to retrieve all blogs, or only blogs that are not marked as deleted, archived, or spam.
679 * @return array A list of the user's blogs. An empty array if the user doesn't exist or belongs to no blogs.
681 function get_blogs_of_user( $user_id, $all = false ) {
684 $user_id = (int) $user_id;
686 // Logged out users can't have blogs
687 if ( empty( $user_id ) )
690 $keys = get_user_meta( $user_id );
691 if ( empty( $keys ) )
694 if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
695 $blog_id = get_current_blog_id();
696 $blogs = array( $blog_id => new stdClass );
697 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->userblog_id = $blog_id;
698 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->blogname = get_option('blogname');
699 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->domain = '';
700 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->path = '';
701 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->site_id = 1;
702 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->siteurl = get_option('siteurl');
703 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->archived = 0;
704 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->spam = 0;
705 $blogs[ $blog_id ]->deleted = 0;
711 if ( isset( $keys[ $wpdb->base_prefix . 'capabilities' ] ) && defined( 'MULTISITE' ) ) {
712 $blog = get_blog_details( 1 );
713 if ( $blog && isset( $blog->domain ) && ( $all || ( ! $blog->archived && ! $blog->spam && ! $blog->deleted ) ) ) {
714 $blogs[ 1 ] = (object) array(
716 'blogname' => $blog->blogname,
717 'domain' => $blog->domain,
718 'path' => $blog->path,
719 'site_id' => $blog->site_id,
720 'siteurl' => $blog->siteurl,
726 unset( $keys[ $wpdb->base_prefix . 'capabilities' ] );
729 $keys = array_keys( $keys );
731 foreach ( $keys as $key ) {
732 if ( 'capabilities' !== substr( $key, -12 ) )
734 if ( $wpdb->base_prefix && 0 !== strpos( $key, $wpdb->base_prefix ) )
736 $blog_id = str_replace( array( $wpdb->base_prefix, '_capabilities' ), '', $key );
737 if ( ! is_numeric( $blog_id ) )
740 $blog_id = (int) $blog_id;
741 $blog = get_blog_details( $blog_id );
742 if ( $blog && isset( $blog->domain ) && ( $all || ( ! $blog->archived && ! $blog->spam && ! $blog->deleted ) ) ) {
743 $blogs[ $blog_id ] = (object) array(
744 'userblog_id' => $blog_id,
745 'blogname' => $blog->blogname,
746 'domain' => $blog->domain,
747 'path' => $blog->path,
748 'site_id' => $blog->site_id,
749 'siteurl' => $blog->siteurl,
757 return apply_filters( 'get_blogs_of_user', $blogs, $user_id, $all );
761 * Find out whether a user is a member of a given blog.
764 * @uses get_blogs_of_user()
766 * @param int $user_id Optional. The unique ID of the user. Defaults to the current user.
767 * @param int $blog_id Optional. ID of the blog to check. Defaults to the current site.
770 function is_user_member_of_blog( $user_id = 0, $blog_id = 0 ) {
771 $user_id = (int) $user_id;
772 $blog_id = (int) $blog_id;
774 if ( empty( $user_id ) )
775 $user_id = get_current_user_id();
777 if ( empty( $blog_id ) )
778 $blog_id = get_current_blog_id();
780 $blogs = get_blogs_of_user( $user_id );
781 return array_key_exists( $blog_id, $blogs );
785 * Add meta data field to a user.
787 * Post meta data is called "Custom Fields" on the Administration Screens.
790 * @uses add_metadata()
791 * @link http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/add_user_meta
793 * @param int $user_id Post ID.
794 * @param string $meta_key Metadata name.
795 * @param mixed $meta_value Metadata value.
796 * @param bool $unique Optional, default is false. Whether the same key should not be added.
797 * @return bool False for failure. True for success.
799 function add_user_meta($user_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $unique = false) {
800 return add_metadata('user', $user_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $unique);
804 * Remove metadata matching criteria from a user.
806 * You can match based on the key, or key and value. Removing based on key and
807 * value, will keep from removing duplicate metadata with the same key. It also
808 * allows removing all metadata matching key, if needed.
811 * @uses delete_metadata()
812 * @link http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/delete_user_meta
814 * @param int $user_id user ID
815 * @param string $meta_key Metadata name.
816 * @param mixed $meta_value Optional. Metadata value.
817 * @return bool False for failure. True for success.
819 function delete_user_meta($user_id, $meta_key, $meta_value = '') {
820 return delete_metadata('user', $user_id, $meta_key, $meta_value);
824 * Retrieve user meta field for a user.
827 * @uses get_metadata()
828 * @link http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/get_user_meta
830 * @param int $user_id Post ID.
831 * @param string $key Optional. The meta key to retrieve. By default, returns data for all keys.
832 * @param bool $single Whether to return a single value.
833 * @return mixed Will be an array if $single is false. Will be value of meta data field if $single
836 function get_user_meta($user_id, $key = '', $single = false) {
837 return get_metadata('user', $user_id, $key, $single);
841 * Update user meta field based on user ID.
843 * Use the $prev_value parameter to differentiate between meta fields with the
844 * same key and user ID.
846 * If the meta field for the user does not exist, it will be added.
849 * @uses update_metadata
850 * @link http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/update_user_meta
852 * @param int $user_id Post ID.
853 * @param string $meta_key Metadata key.
854 * @param mixed $meta_value Metadata value.
855 * @param mixed $prev_value Optional. Previous value to check before removing.
856 * @return bool False on failure, true if success.
858 function update_user_meta($user_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $prev_value = '') {
859 return update_metadata('user', $user_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $prev_value);
863 * Count number of users who have each of the user roles.
865 * Assumes there are neither duplicated nor orphaned capabilities meta_values.
866 * Assumes role names are unique phrases. Same assumption made by WP_User_Query::prepare_query()
867 * Using $strategy = 'time' this is CPU-intensive and should handle around 10^7 users.
868 * Using $strategy = 'memory' this is memory-intensive and should handle around 10^5 users, but see WP Bug #12257.
871 * @param string $strategy 'time' or 'memory'
872 * @return array Includes a grand total and an array of counts indexed by role strings.
874 function count_users($strategy = 'time') {
875 global $wpdb, $wp_roles;
878 $id = get_current_blog_id();
879 $blog_prefix = $wpdb->get_blog_prefix($id);
882 if ( 'time' == $strategy ) {
885 if ( ! isset( $wp_roles ) )
886 $wp_roles = new WP_Roles();
888 $avail_roles = $wp_roles->get_names();
890 // Build a CPU-intensive query that will return concise information.
891 $select_count = array();
892 foreach ( $avail_roles as $this_role => $name ) {
893 $select_count[] = "COUNT(NULLIF(`meta_value` LIKE '%\"" . like_escape( $this_role ) . "\"%', false))";
895 $select_count = implode(', ', $select_count);
897 // Add the meta_value index to the selection list, then run the query.
898 $row = $wpdb->get_row( "SELECT $select_count, COUNT(*) FROM $wpdb->usermeta WHERE meta_key = '{$blog_prefix}capabilities'", ARRAY_N );
900 // Run the previous loop again to associate results with role names.
902 $role_counts = array();
903 foreach ( $avail_roles as $this_role => $name ) {
904 $count = (int) $row[$col++];
906 $role_counts[$this_role] = $count;
910 // Get the meta_value index from the end of the result set.
911 $total_users = (int) $row[$col];
913 $result['total_users'] = $total_users;
914 $result['avail_roles'] =& $role_counts;
916 $avail_roles = array();
918 $users_of_blog = $wpdb->get_col( "SELECT meta_value FROM $wpdb->usermeta WHERE meta_key = '{$blog_prefix}capabilities'" );
920 foreach ( $users_of_blog as $caps_meta ) {
921 $b_roles = maybe_unserialize($caps_meta);
922 if ( ! is_array( $b_roles ) )
924 foreach ( $b_roles as $b_role => $val ) {
925 if ( isset($avail_roles[$b_role]) ) {
926 $avail_roles[$b_role]++;
928 $avail_roles[$b_role] = 1;
933 $result['total_users'] = count( $users_of_blog );
934 $result['avail_roles'] =& $avail_roles;
941 // Private helper functions
945 * Set up global user vars.
947 * Used by wp_set_current_user() for back compat. Might be deprecated in the future.
950 * @global string $userdata User description.
951 * @global string $user_login The user username for logging in
952 * @global int $user_level The level of the user
953 * @global int $user_ID The ID of the user
954 * @global string $user_email The email address of the user
955 * @global string $user_url The url in the user's profile
956 * @global string $user_identity The display name of the user
958 * @param int $for_user_id Optional. User ID to set up global data.
960 function setup_userdata($for_user_id = '') {
961 global $user_login, $userdata, $user_level, $user_ID, $user_email, $user_url, $user_identity;
963 if ( '' == $for_user_id )
964 $for_user_id = get_current_user_id();
965 $user = get_userdata( $for_user_id );
971 $user_login = $user_email = $user_url = $user_identity = '';
975 $user_ID = (int) $user->ID;
976 $user_level = (int) $user->user_level;
978 $user_login = $user->user_login;
979 $user_email = $user->user_email;
980 $user_url = $user->user_url;
981 $user_identity = $user->display_name;
985 * Create dropdown HTML content of users.
987 * The content can either be displayed, which it is by default or retrieved by
988 * setting the 'echo' argument. The 'include' and 'exclude' arguments do not
989 * need to be used; all users will be displayed in that case. Only one can be
990 * used, either 'include' or 'exclude', but not both.
992 * The available arguments are as follows:
994 * <li>show_option_all - Text to show all and whether HTML option exists.</li>
995 * <li>show_option_none - Text for show none and whether HTML option exists.</li>
996 * <li>hide_if_only_one_author - Don't create the dropdown if there is only one user.</li>
997 * <li>orderby - SQL order by clause for what order the users appear. Default is 'display_name'.</li>
998 * <li>order - Default is 'ASC'. Can also be 'DESC'.</li>
999 * <li>include - User IDs to include.</li>
1000 * <li>exclude - User IDs to exclude.</li>
1001 * <li>multi - Default is 'false'. Whether to skip the ID attribute on the 'select' element. A 'true' value is overridden when id argument is set.</li>
1002 * <li>show - Default is 'display_name'. User table column to display. If the selected item is empty then the user_login will be displayed in parentheses</li>
1003 * <li>echo - Default is '1'. Whether to display or retrieve content.</li>
1004 * <li>selected - Which User ID is selected.</li>
1005 * <li>include_selected - Always include the selected user ID in the dropdown. Default is false.</li>
1006 * <li>name - Default is 'user'. Name attribute of select element.</li>
1007 * <li>id - Default is the value of the 'name' parameter. ID attribute of select element.</li>
1008 * <li>class - Class attribute of select element.</li>
1009 * <li>blog_id - ID of blog (Multisite only). Defaults to ID of current blog.</li>
1010 * <li>who - Which users to query. Currently only 'authors' is supported. Default is all users.</li>
1014 * @uses $wpdb WordPress database object for queries
1016 * @param string|array $args Optional. Override defaults.
1017 * @return string|null Null on display. String of HTML content on retrieve.
1019 function wp_dropdown_users( $args = '' ) {
1021 'show_option_all' => '', 'show_option_none' => '', 'hide_if_only_one_author' => '',
1022 'orderby' => 'display_name', 'order' => 'ASC',
1023 'include' => '', 'exclude' => '', 'multi' => 0,
1024 'show' => 'display_name', 'echo' => 1,
1025 'selected' => 0, 'name' => 'user', 'class' => '', 'id' => '',
1026 'blog_id' => $GLOBALS['blog_id'], 'who' => '', 'include_selected' => false
1029 $defaults['selected'] = is_author() ? get_query_var( 'author' ) : 0;
1031 $r = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );
1032 extract( $r, EXTR_SKIP );
1034 $query_args = wp_array_slice_assoc( $r, array( 'blog_id', 'include', 'exclude', 'orderby', 'order', 'who' ) );
1035 $query_args['fields'] = array( 'ID', $show );
1036 $users = get_users( $query_args );
1039 if ( !empty($users) && ( empty($hide_if_only_one_author) || count($users) > 1 ) ) {
1040 $name = esc_attr( $name );
1041 if ( $multi && ! $id )
1044 $id = $id ? " id='" . esc_attr( $id ) . "'" : " id='$name'";
1046 $output = "<select name='{$name}'{$id} class='$class'>\n";
1048 if ( $show_option_all )
1049 $output .= "\t<option value='0'>$show_option_all</option>\n";
1051 if ( $show_option_none ) {
1052 $_selected = selected( -1, $selected, false );
1053 $output .= "\t<option value='-1'$_selected>$show_option_none</option>\n";
1056 $found_selected = false;
1057 foreach ( (array) $users as $user ) {
1058 $user->ID = (int) $user->ID;
1059 $_selected = selected( $user->ID, $selected, false );
1061 $found_selected = true;
1062 $display = !empty($user->$show) ? $user->$show : '('. $user->user_login . ')';
1063 $output .= "\t<option value='$user->ID'$_selected>" . esc_html($display) . "</option>\n";
1066 if ( $include_selected && ! $found_selected && ( $selected > 0 ) ) {
1067 $user = get_userdata( $selected );
1068 $_selected = selected( $user->ID, $selected, false );
1069 $display = !empty($user->$show) ? $user->$show : '('. $user->user_login . ')';
1070 $output .= "\t<option value='$user->ID'$_selected>" . esc_html($display) . "</option>\n";
1073 $output .= "</select>";
1076 $output = apply_filters('wp_dropdown_users', $output);
1085 * Sanitize user field based on context.
1087 * Possible context values are: 'raw', 'edit', 'db', 'display', 'attribute' and 'js'. The
1088 * 'display' context is used by default. 'attribute' and 'js' contexts are treated like 'display'
1089 * when calling filters.
1092 * @uses apply_filters() Calls 'edit_$field' passing $value and $user_id if $context == 'edit'.
1093 * $field is prefixed with 'user_' if it isn't already.
1094 * @uses apply_filters() Calls 'pre_$field' passing $value if $context == 'db'. $field is prefixed with
1095 * 'user_' if it isn't already.
1096 * @uses apply_filters() Calls '$field' passing $value, $user_id and $context if $context == anything
1097 * other than 'raw', 'edit' and 'db'. $field is prefixed with 'user_' if it isn't already.
1099 * @param string $field The user Object field name.
1100 * @param mixed $value The user Object value.
1101 * @param int $user_id user ID.
1102 * @param string $context How to sanitize user fields. Looks for 'raw', 'edit', 'db', 'display',
1103 * 'attribute' and 'js'.
1104 * @return mixed Sanitized value.
1106 function sanitize_user_field($field, $value, $user_id, $context) {
1107 $int_fields = array('ID');
1108 if ( in_array($field, $int_fields) )
1109 $value = (int) $value;
1111 if ( 'raw' == $context )
1114 if ( !is_string($value) && !is_numeric($value) )
1117 $prefixed = false !== strpos( $field, 'user_' );
1119 if ( 'edit' == $context ) {
1121 $value = apply_filters("edit_{$field}", $value, $user_id);
1123 $value = apply_filters("edit_user_{$field}", $value, $user_id);
1126 if ( 'description' == $field )
1127 $value = esc_html( $value ); // textarea_escaped?
1129 $value = esc_attr($value);
1130 } else if ( 'db' == $context ) {
1132 $value = apply_filters("pre_{$field}", $value);
1134 $value = apply_filters("pre_user_{$field}", $value);
1137 // Use display filters by default.
1139 $value = apply_filters($field, $value, $user_id, $context);
1141 $value = apply_filters("user_{$field}", $value, $user_id, $context);
1144 if ( 'user_url' == $field )
1145 $value = esc_url($value);
1147 if ( 'attribute' == $context )
1148 $value = esc_attr($value);
1149 else if ( 'js' == $context )
1150 $value = esc_js($value);
1156 * Update all user caches
1160 * @param object $user User object to be cached
1162 function update_user_caches($user) {
1163 wp_cache_add($user->ID, $user, 'users');
1164 wp_cache_add($user->user_login, $user->ID, 'userlogins');
1165 wp_cache_add($user->user_email, $user->ID, 'useremail');
1166 wp_cache_add($user->user_nicename, $user->ID, 'userslugs');
1170 * Clean all user caches
1174 * @param WP_User|int $user User object or ID to be cleaned from the cache
1176 function clean_user_cache( $user ) {
1177 if ( is_numeric( $user ) )
1178 $user = new WP_User( $user );
1180 if ( ! $user->exists() )
1183 wp_cache_delete( $user->ID, 'users' );
1184 wp_cache_delete( $user->user_login, 'userlogins' );
1185 wp_cache_delete( $user->user_email, 'useremail' );
1186 wp_cache_delete( $user->user_nicename, 'userslugs' );
1190 * Checks whether the given username exists.
1194 * @param string $username Username.
1195 * @return null|int The user's ID on success, and null on failure.
1197 function username_exists( $username ) {
1198 if ( $user = get_user_by('login', $username ) ) {
1206 * Checks whether the given email exists.
1211 * @param string $email Email.
1212 * @return bool|int The user's ID on success, and false on failure.
1214 function email_exists( $email ) {
1215 if ( $user = get_user_by('email', $email) )
1222 * Checks whether an username is valid.
1225 * @uses apply_filters() Calls 'validate_username' hook on $valid check and $username as parameters
1227 * @param string $username Username.
1228 * @return bool Whether username given is valid
1230 function validate_username( $username ) {
1231 $sanitized = sanitize_user( $username, true );
1232 $valid = ( $sanitized == $username );
1233 return apply_filters( 'validate_username', $valid, $username );
1237 * Insert an user into the database.
1239 * Can update a current user or insert a new user based on whether the user's ID
1242 * Can be used to update the user's info (see below), set the user's role, and
1243 * set the user's preference on whether they want the rich editor on.
1245 * Most of the $userdata array fields have filters associated with the values.
1246 * The exceptions are 'rich_editing', 'role', 'jabber', 'aim', 'yim',
1247 * 'user_registered', and 'ID'. The filters have the prefix 'pre_user_' followed
1248 * by the field name. An example using 'description' would have the filter
1249 * called, 'pre_user_description' that can be hooked into.
1251 * The $userdata array can contain the following fields:
1252 * 'ID' - An integer that will be used for updating an existing user.
1253 * 'user_pass' - A string that contains the plain text password for the user.
1254 * 'user_login' - A string that contains the user's username for logging in.
1255 * 'user_nicename' - A string that contains a URL-friendly name for the user.
1256 * The default is the user's username.
1257 * 'user_url' - A string containing the user's URL for the user's web site.
1258 * 'user_email' - A string containing the user's email address.
1259 * 'display_name' - A string that will be shown on the site. Defaults to user's
1260 * username. It is likely that you will want to change this, for appearance.
1261 * 'nickname' - The user's nickname, defaults to the user's username.
1262 * 'first_name' - The user's first name.
1263 * 'last_name' - The user's last name.
1264 * 'description' - A string containing content about the user.
1265 * 'rich_editing' - A string for whether to enable the rich editor. False
1267 * 'user_registered' - The date the user registered. Format is 'Y-m-d H:i:s'.
1268 * 'role' - A string used to set the user's role.
1269 * 'jabber' - User's Jabber account.
1270 * 'aim' - User's AOL IM account.
1271 * 'yim' - User's Yahoo IM account.
1274 * @uses $wpdb WordPress database layer.
1275 * @uses apply_filters() Calls filters for most of the $userdata fields with the prefix 'pre_user'. See note above.
1276 * @uses do_action() Calls 'profile_update' hook when updating giving the user's ID
1277 * @uses do_action() Calls 'user_register' hook when creating a new user giving the user's ID
1279 * @param mixed $userdata An array of user data or a user object of type stdClass or WP_User.
1280 * @return int|WP_Error The newly created user's ID or a WP_Error object if the user could not be created.
1282 function wp_insert_user( $userdata ) {
1285 if ( is_a( $userdata, 'stdClass' ) )
1286 $userdata = get_object_vars( $userdata );
1287 elseif ( is_a( $userdata, 'WP_User' ) )
1288 $userdata = $userdata->to_array();
1290 extract( $userdata, EXTR_SKIP );
1292 // Are we updating or creating?
1293 if ( !empty($ID) ) {
1296 $old_user_data = WP_User::get_data_by( 'id', $ID );
1299 // Hash the password
1300 $user_pass = wp_hash_password($user_pass);
1303 $user_login = sanitize_user($user_login, true);
1304 $user_login = apply_filters('pre_user_login', $user_login);
1306 //Remove any non-printable chars from the login string to see if we have ended up with an empty username
1307 $user_login = trim($user_login);
1309 if ( empty($user_login) )
1310 return new WP_Error('empty_user_login', __('Cannot create a user with an empty login name.') );
1312 if ( !$update && username_exists( $user_login ) )
1313 return new WP_Error( 'existing_user_login', __( 'Sorry, that username already exists!' ) );
1315 if ( empty($user_nicename) )
1316 $user_nicename = sanitize_title( $user_login );
1317 $user_nicename = apply_filters('pre_user_nicename', $user_nicename);
1319 if ( empty($user_url) )
1321 $user_url = apply_filters('pre_user_url', $user_url);
1323 if ( empty($user_email) )
1325 $user_email = apply_filters('pre_user_email', $user_email);
1327 if ( !$update && ! defined( 'WP_IMPORTING' ) && email_exists($user_email) )
1328 return new WP_Error( 'existing_user_email', __( 'Sorry, that email address is already used!' ) );
1330 if ( empty($nickname) )
1331 $nickname = $user_login;
1332 $nickname = apply_filters('pre_user_nickname', $nickname);
1334 if ( empty($first_name) )
1336 $first_name = apply_filters('pre_user_first_name', $first_name);
1338 if ( empty($last_name) )
1340 $last_name = apply_filters('pre_user_last_name', $last_name);
1342 if ( empty( $display_name ) ) {
1344 $display_name = $user_login;
1345 elseif ( $first_name && $last_name )
1346 /* translators: 1: first name, 2: last name */
1347 $display_name = sprintf( _x( '%1$s %2$s', 'Display name based on first name and last name' ), $first_name, $last_name );
1348 elseif ( $first_name )
1349 $display_name = $first_name;
1350 elseif ( $last_name )
1351 $display_name = $last_name;
1353 $display_name = $user_login;
1355 $display_name = apply_filters( 'pre_user_display_name', $display_name );
1357 if ( empty($description) )
1359 $description = apply_filters('pre_user_description', $description);
1361 if ( empty($rich_editing) )
1362 $rich_editing = 'true';
1364 if ( empty($comment_shortcuts) )
1365 $comment_shortcuts = 'false';
1367 if ( empty($admin_color) )
1368 $admin_color = 'fresh';
1369 $admin_color = preg_replace('|[^a-z0-9 _.\-@]|i', '', $admin_color);
1371 if ( empty($use_ssl) )
1374 if ( empty($user_registered) )
1375 $user_registered = gmdate('Y-m-d H:i:s');
1377 if ( empty($show_admin_bar_front) )
1378 $show_admin_bar_front = 'true';
1380 $user_nicename_check = $wpdb->get_var( $wpdb->prepare("SELECT ID FROM $wpdb->users WHERE user_nicename = %s AND user_login != %s LIMIT 1" , $user_nicename, $user_login));
1382 if ( $user_nicename_check ) {
1384 while ($user_nicename_check) {
1385 $alt_user_nicename = $user_nicename . "-$suffix";
1386 $user_nicename_check = $wpdb->get_var( $wpdb->prepare("SELECT ID FROM $wpdb->users WHERE user_nicename = %s AND user_login != %s LIMIT 1" , $alt_user_nicename, $user_login));
1389 $user_nicename = $alt_user_nicename;
1392 $data = compact( 'user_pass', 'user_email', 'user_url', 'user_nicename', 'display_name', 'user_registered' );
1393 $data = stripslashes_deep( $data );
1396 $wpdb->update( $wpdb->users, $data, compact( 'ID' ) );
1397 $user_id = (int) $ID;
1399 $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->users, $data + compact( 'user_login' ) );
1400 $user_id = (int) $wpdb->insert_id;
1403 $user = new WP_User( $user_id );
1405 foreach ( _get_additional_user_keys( $user ) as $key ) {
1406 if ( isset( $$key ) )
1407 update_user_meta( $user_id, $key, $$key );
1411 $user->set_role($role);
1413 $user->set_role(get_option('default_role'));
1415 wp_cache_delete($user_id, 'users');
1416 wp_cache_delete($user_login, 'userlogins');
1419 do_action('profile_update', $user_id, $old_user_data);
1421 do_action('user_register', $user_id);
1427 * Update an user in the database.
1429 * It is possible to update a user's password by specifying the 'user_pass'
1430 * value in the $userdata parameter array.
1432 * If $userdata does not contain an 'ID' key, then a new user will be created
1433 * and the new user's ID will be returned.
1435 * If current user's password is being updated, then the cookies will be
1439 * @see wp_insert_user() For what fields can be set in $userdata
1440 * @uses wp_insert_user() Used to update existing user or add new one if user doesn't exist already
1442 * @param mixed $userdata An array of user data or a user object of type stdClass or WP_User.
1443 * @return int|WP_Error The updated user's ID or a WP_Error object if the user could not be updated.
1445 function wp_update_user($userdata) {
1446 if ( is_a( $userdata, 'stdClass' ) )
1447 $userdata = get_object_vars( $userdata );
1448 elseif ( is_a( $userdata, 'WP_User' ) )
1449 $userdata = $userdata->to_array();
1451 $ID = (int) $userdata['ID'];
1453 // First, get all of the original fields
1454 $user_obj = get_userdata( $ID );
1456 return new WP_Error( 'invalid_user_id', __( 'Invalid user ID' ) );
1458 $user = $user_obj->to_array();
1460 // Add additional custom fields
1461 foreach ( _get_additional_user_keys( $user_obj ) as $key ) {
1462 $user[ $key ] = get_user_meta( $ID, $key, true );
1465 // Escape data pulled from DB.
1466 $user = add_magic_quotes( $user );
1468 // If password is changing, hash it now.
1469 if ( ! empty($userdata['user_pass']) ) {
1470 $plaintext_pass = $userdata['user_pass'];
1471 $userdata['user_pass'] = wp_hash_password($userdata['user_pass']);
1474 wp_cache_delete($user[ 'user_email' ], 'useremail');
1476 // Merge old and new fields with new fields overwriting old ones.
1477 $userdata = array_merge($user, $userdata);
1478 $user_id = wp_insert_user($userdata);
1480 // Update the cookies if the password changed.
1481 $current_user = wp_get_current_user();
1482 if ( $current_user->ID == $ID ) {
1483 if ( isset($plaintext_pass) ) {
1484 wp_clear_auth_cookie();
1485 wp_set_auth_cookie($ID);
1493 * A simpler way of inserting an user into the database.
1495 * Creates a new user with just the username, password, and email. For more
1496 * complex user creation use wp_insert_user() to specify more information.
1499 * @see wp_insert_user() More complete way to create a new user
1501 * @param string $username The user's username.
1502 * @param string $password The user's password.
1503 * @param string $email The user's email (optional).
1504 * @return int The new user's ID.
1506 function wp_create_user($username, $password, $email = '') {
1507 $user_login = esc_sql( $username );
1508 $user_email = esc_sql( $email );
1509 $user_pass = $password;
1511 $userdata = compact('user_login', 'user_email', 'user_pass');
1512 return wp_insert_user($userdata);
1516 * Return a list of meta keys that wp_insert_user() is supposed to set.
1521 * @param object $user WP_User instance.
1524 function _get_additional_user_keys( $user ) {
1525 $keys = array( 'first_name', 'last_name', 'nickname', 'description', 'rich_editing', 'comment_shortcuts', 'admin_color', 'use_ssl', 'show_admin_bar_front' );
1526 return array_merge( $keys, array_keys( _wp_get_user_contactmethods( $user ) ) );
1530 * Set up the default contact methods.
1535 * @param object $user User data object (optional).
1536 * @return array $user_contactmethods Array of contact methods and their labels.
1538 function _wp_get_user_contactmethods( $user = null ) {
1539 $user_contactmethods = array(
1541 'yim' => __('Yahoo IM'),
1542 'jabber' => __('Jabber / Google Talk')
1544 return apply_filters( 'user_contactmethods', $user_contactmethods, $user );