To set up a new LDAP server: - Install the RPM 389-ds-base with yum (these are installed by kickstart these days, so these two steps are probably not necessary) root# yum install -y 389-ds-base root# yum install -y policycoreutils-python root# yum install -y ldapvi - We want to run the directory server as its own user, so create fedora-ds root# useradd -r -d /var/lib/dirsrv fedora-ds - Temporarily move away the existing slapd-scripts folder root# mv /etc/dirsrv/slapd-scripts{,.bak} - root# /usr/sbin/setup-ds.pl - Choose a typical install - Tell it to use the fedora-ds user and group - Directory server identifier: scripts Needed to remove this from the config file first - Suffix: dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu - Input directory manager password (this can be found in ~/.ldapvirc) - Move the schema back root# cp -R /etc/dirsrv/slapd-scripts.bak/{.svn,*} /etc/dirsrv/slapd-scripts root# rm -Rf /etc/dirsrv/slapd-scripts.bak - Turn dirsrv off: service dirsrv stop - Apply the following configuration changes. If you're editing dse.ldif, you don't want dirsrv to be on, otherwise it will overwrite your changes. [XXX: show how to do these changes with dsconf, which is the "blessed" method] # Inside cn=config. These changes definitely require a restart. nsslapd-ldapifilepath: /var/run/slapd-scripts.socket nsslapd-ldapilisten: on nsslapd-syntaxcheck: off # Add these blocks # mapname, mapping, sasl, config # This is the most liberal mapping you can have for SASL: you can # basically add authentication for any given GSSAPI mechanism by # explicitly creating the UID for that SASL string. dn: cn=mapname,cn=mapping,cn=sasl,cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsSaslMapping cn: mapname nsSaslMapRegexString: \(.*\) nsSaslMapBaseDNTemplate: uid=\1,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsSaslMapFilterTemplate: (objectClass=posixAccount) - Put LDAP keytab (ldap/hostname.mit.edu) in /etc/dirsrv/keytab. Make sure you chown/chgrp it to be readable by fedora-ds - Uncomment and modify in /etc/sysconfig/dirsrv: KRB5_KTNAME=/etc/dirsrv/keytab ; export KRB5_KTNAME - chown fedora-ds:fedora-ds /var/run/dirsrv - chown fedora-ds /etc/dirsrv/keytab - /sbin/service dirsrv start - Use ldapvi -b cn=config to add these indexes (8 of them): add cn=apacheServerName, cn=index, cn=userRoot, cn=ldbm database, cn=plugins, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsIndex cn: apacheServerName nsSystemIndex: false nsIndexType: eq nsIndexType: pres add cn=apacheServerAlias, cn=index, cn=userRoot, cn=ldbm database, cn=plugins, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsIndex cn: apacheServerAlias nsSystemIndex: false nsIndexType: eq nsIndexType: pres add cn=scriptsVhostName, cn=index, cn=userRoot, cn=ldbm database, cn=plugins, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsIndex cn: scriptsVhostName nsSystemIndex: false nsIndexType: eq nsIndexType: pres add cn=scriptsVhostAlias, cn=index, cn=userRoot, cn=ldbm database, cn=plugins, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsIndex cn: scriptsVhostAlias nsSystemIndex: false nsIndexType: eq nsIndexType: pres add cn=scriptsVhostAccount, cn=index, cn=userRoot, cn=ldbm database, cn=plugins, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsIndex cn: scriptsVhostAccount nsSystemIndex: false nsIndexType: eq nsIndexType: pres add cn=memberuid, cn=index, cn=userRoot, cn=ldbm database, cn=plugins, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsIndex cn: memberuid nsSystemIndex: false nsIndexType: eq nsIndexType: pres add cn=uidnumber, cn=index, cn=userRoot, cn=ldbm database, cn=plugins, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsIndex cn: uidnumber nsSystemIndex: false nsIndexType: eq nsIndexType: pres add cn=gidnumber, cn=index, cn=userRoot, cn=ldbm database, cn=plugins, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsIndex cn: gidnumber nsSystemIndex: false nsIndexType: eq nsIndexType: pres - Build the indexes for all the fields: /usr/lib64/dirsrv/slapd-scripts/db2index.pl -D "cn=Directory Manager" -j /etc/signup-ldap-pw -n userRoot (/etc/signup-ldap-pw is the LDAP root password, make sure it's chmodded correctly and chowned to signup. Also, make sure it doesn't have a trailing newline!) - Watch for the indexing operations to finish with this command: ldapsearch -x -y /etc/signup-ldap-pw -D 'cn=Directory Manager' -b cn=tasks,cn=config (look for nktaskstatus) - Set up replication. We used to tell people to go execute http://directory.fedoraproject.org/sources/contrib/mmr.pl manually (manually because that script assumes only two masters and we have every one of our servers set up as a master.) However, those instructions are inaccurate, because we use GSSAPI, not SSL and because the initializing procedure is actually prone to a race condition. Here are some better instructions. LDAP replication is based around producers and consumers. Producers push changes in LDAP to consumers: these arrangements are called "replication agreements" and the producer will hold a nsDS5ReplicationAgreement object that represents this commitment, as well as some extra configuration to say who consumers will accept replication data from (a nsDS5Replica). The procedure, at a high level, is this: 1. Pick an arbitrary existing master. The current server will be configured as a slave to that master. Initialize a changelog, then request a replication to populate our server with information. M1 <---> M2 ---> S 2. Configure the new server to be replicated back. M1 <---> M2 <---> S 3. Set up the rest of the replication agreements. M1 <---> M2 ^ ^ | | +--> S <--+ 4. Push a change from every existing server (to the new server), and then a change from the new server to (all) the existing servers. In addition to merely testing that replication works, this will set up the servers' changelogs properly. If this step is not completed before any server's LDAP server shuts down, then the replication agreements will fall apart the next time a change is made. You may wish to intentionally reboot any servers that look like they want to crash _before_ beginning this process. Here's how you do it. 0. Tell -c scripts not to go off and reboot servers until you're done (or to get any rebooting done with first). 1. Pull open the replication part of the database. It's fairly empty right now. ldapvi -b cn=\"dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu\",cn=mapping\ tree,cn=config 2. Configure the server $SLAVE (this server) to accept $MASTER replications by adding the following LDAP entries: add cn=replica, cn="dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu", cn=mapping tree, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsDS5Replica cn: replica nsDS5ReplicaId: $REPLICA_ID nsDS5ReplicaRoot: dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5Flags: 1 nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/bees-knees.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/busy-beaver.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/cats-whiskers.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/pancake-bunny.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/whole-enchilada.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/real-mccoy.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/better-mousetrap.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/old-faithful.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/shining-armor.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsds5ReplicaPurgeDelay: 604800 nsds5ReplicaLegacyConsumer: off nsDS5ReplicaType: 3 $REPLICA_ID is the scripts$N number (stella $HOSTNAME to find out.) You might wonder why we are binding to all servers; weren't we going to replicate from only one server? That is correct, however, simply binding won't mean we will receive updates; we have to setup the $MASTER to send data $SLAVE. 3. Although we allowed those uids to bind, that user information doesn't exist on $SLAVE yet. So you'll need to create the entry for just $MASTER. add uid=ldap/$MASTER,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu uid: ldap/$MASTER objectClass: account objectClass: top 4. Though our $SLAVE will not be making changes to LDAP, we need to initialize the changelog because we intend to be able to do this later. add cn=changelog5,cn=config objectclass: top objectclass: extensibleObject cn: changelog5 nsslapd-changelogdir: /etc/dirsrv/slapd-scripts/changelogdb 5. Ok, now go to your $MASTER server that you picked (it should have been one of the hosts mentioned in nsDS5ReplicaBindDN) and tell it to replicate to $SLAVE. The last line runs the replication. This is perhaps the most risky step of the process; see below for help debugging problems. WARNING: There is a known bug doing full updates from 1.2.6 to 1.2.6, see https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=637852 add cn="GSSAPI Replication to $SLAVE", cn=replica, cn="dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu", cn=mapping tree, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsDS5ReplicationAgreement cn: "GSSAPI Replication to $SLAVE" cn: GSSAPI Replication to $SLAVE nsDS5ReplicaHost: $SLAVE nsDS5ReplicaRoot: dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaPort: 389 nsDS5ReplicaTransportInfo: LDAP nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/$MASTER,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindMethod: SASL/GSSAPI nsDS5ReplicaUpdateSchedule: "0000-2359 0123456" nsDS5ReplicaTimeout: 120 nsDS5BeginReplicaRefresh: start 5. Check that the replication is running; the status will be stored in the object we've been mucking around with. If it fails with LDAP Error 49, check /var/log/dirsrv on $MASTER for more information. It might be because fedora-ds can't read /etc/dirsrv/keytab 6. Replicate in the other direction. On $MASTER, add $SLAVE as a nsDS5ReplicaBindDN in cn=replica,cn="dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu",cn=mapping tree,cn=config Also, add an account for $SLAVE add uid=ldap/$SLAVE,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu uid: ldap/$SLAVE objectClass: account objectClass: top On $SLAVE, add cn="GSSAPI Replication to $MASTER", cn=replica, cn="dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu", cn=mapping tree, cn=config objectClass: top objectClass: nsDS5ReplicationAgreement cn: "GSSAPI Replication to $MASTER" cn: GSSAPI Replication to $MASTER nsDS5ReplicaHost: $MASTER nsDS5ReplicaRoot: dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaPort: 389 nsDS5ReplicaTransportInfo: LDAP nsDS5ReplicaBindDN: uid=ldap/$SLAVE,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu nsDS5ReplicaBindMethod: SASL/GSSAPI nsDS5ReplicaUpdateSchedule: "0000-2359 0123456" nsDS5ReplicaTimeout: 120 If you get a really scary internal server error, that might mean you forgot to initialize the changelog. Remove the replication agreement (you'll need to turn off dirsrv), add the changelog, and then try again. 7. Repeat step 6 to complete the graph of replications (i.e., from every other server to the new server, and from the new server to every other server). Note the only difference between steps 5 and 6 is the lack of nsDS5ReplicaRefresh: start. That only needs to be done once, to the new server. 8. If at this point you look at the new server's changelog with cl-dump (preferably /mit/scripts/admin/cl-dump.pl, to not prompt you for a password), you won't see the servers you added in step 7. So, from each of those servers, make a change to some record so it gets propagated to the new server, and then one from the new server so it gets propagated to all the existing servers' changelogs. This is also good for making sure the replication agreements actually work. Troubleshooting =============== LDAP multimaster replication can fail in a number of colorful ways; combine that with GSSAPI authentication and it goes exponential. If authentication is failing with LDAP error 49, check if: * /etc/dirsrv/keytab * fedora-ds is able to read /etc/dirsrv/keytab * /etc/hosts has not been modified by Network Manager (you /did/ uninstall it, right? Right?) If the failure is local to a single master, usually you can recover by asking another master to refresh that master with: nsDS5BeginReplicaRefresh: start In practice, we've also had problems with this technique. Some of them include: * Something like https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=547503 on Fedora 11 ns-slapd, where replication is turned off to do the replication, but then it wedges and you need to forcibly kill the process. * Failed LDAP authentication because another master attempted to do an incremental update. * Repropagation of the error because the corrupt master thinks it still should push updates. So the extremely safe method to bring up a crashed master is as follows: 1. Disable all incoming and outgoing replication agreements by editing /etc/dirsrv/slapd-scripts/dse.ldif. You'll need to munge: nsDS5ReplicaBindDN in cn=replica,cn=dc\3Dscripts\2Cdc\3Dmit\2Cdc\3Dedu,cn=mapping tree,cn=config and all of the push agreements. Deleting them outright works, but means you'll have to reconstruct all of the agreements from scratch. 2. Bring up the server. 3. Accept incoming replication data from a single server. 4. Initiate a full update from that server. 5. Finish setting up replication as described above. If your database gets extremely fucked, other servers may not be able to authenticate because your authentication information has gone missing. In that case, the minimal set of entries you need is: add dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu objectClass: top objectClass: domain dc: scripts add ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalunit ou: People add uid=ldap/whole-enchilada.mit.edu,ou=People,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu objectClass: account objectClass: top uid: ldap/whole-enchilada.mit.edu