source: trunk/server/doc/install-howto.sh @ 2653

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There are no spheroid shenanigans.
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[1058]1# This document is a how-to for installing a Fedora scripts.mit.edu server.
[1693]2# It is semi-vaguely in the form of a shell script, but is not really
3# runnable as it stands.
[181]4
[1961]5# Notation
6# [PRODUCTION] Production server that will be put into the pool
7# [WIZARD]     Semi-production server that will only have
8#              daemon.scripts-security-upd bits, among other
9#              restricted permissions
10# [TESTSERVER] Completely untrusted server
11
[1693]12# 'branch' is the current svn branch you are on.  You want to
13# use trunk if your just installing a new server, and branches/fcXX-dev
14# if your preparing a server on a new Fedora release.
15branch="trunk"
[1063]16
[1693]17# 'server' is the public hostname of your server, for SCP'ing files
18# to and from.
19server=YOUR-SERVER-NAME-HERE
[1063]20
[2066]21# ----------------------------->8--------------------------------------
22#                       FIRST TIME INSTRUCTIONS
23#
[1961]24# [PRODUCTION] If this is the first time you've installed this hostname,
25# you will need to update a bunch of files to add support for it. These
26# include:
[1696]27#   o Adding all aliases to /etc/httpd/conf.d/scripts-vhost-names.conf
28#     (usually this is hostname, hostname.mit.edu, h-n, h-n.mit.edu,
29#     scriptsN, scriptsN.mit.edu, and the IP address.)
30#   o Adding routing rules for the static IP in
31#     /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth1
32#   o Adding the IP address to the hosts file (same hosts as for
33#     scripts-vhost-names)
[1704]34#   o Update SSH config at
35#       - server/fedora/config/etc/ssh/shosts.equiv
36#       - server/fedora/config/etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
37#       - server/fedora/config/etc/ssh/sshd_config : DenyUsers
38#     (the last part is critical to ensure that rooting one server
39#     doesn't give you root to all the other servers)
[1696]40#   o Put the hostname information in LDAP so SVN and Git work
41#   o Set up Nagios monitoring on sipb-noc for the host
42#   o Set up the host as in the pool on r-b/r-b /etc/heartbeat/ldirectord.cf
[2066]43#   o Update locker/etc/known_hosts
[2068]44#   o Update website files:
45#       /mit/scripts/web_scripts/home/server.css.cgi
46#       /mit/scripts/web_scripts/heartbeat/heartbeat.php
[2066]47#
48# You will also need to prepare the keytabs for credit-card.  In particular,
49# use ktutil to combine the host/scripts.mit.edu and
50# host/scripts-vhosts.mit.edu keys with host/this-server.mit.edu in
51# the keytab.  Do not use 'k5srvutil change' on the combined keytab
52# or you'll break the other servers. (real servers only).  Be
53# careful about writing out the keytab: if you write it to an
54# existing file the keys will just get appended.  The correct
55# credential list should look like:
56#   ktutil:  l
57#   slot KVNO Principal
58#   ---- ---- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
59#      1    5 host/old-faithful.mit.edu@ATHENA.MIT.EDU
60#      2    3 host/scripts-vhosts.mit.edu@ATHENA.MIT.EDU
[2068]61#      3    2 host/scripts.mit.edu@ATHENA.MIT.EDU
62#      4    8 host/scripts-test.mit.edu@ATHENA.MIT.EDU
[2066]63#
64# The LDAP keytab should be by itself, so be sure to delete it and
65# put it in its own file.
[1696]66
[2066]67# ----------------------------->8--------------------------------------
68#                      INFINITE INSTALLATION
[1259]69
[2066]70# Start with a Scripts kickstarted install of Fedora (install-fedora)
[1259]71
[2079]72# IMPORTANT: If you are installing a server without the benefit of
73# Kickstart (for example, you are installing on XVM, it is VITALLY
74# IMPORTANT that you go through the kickstart and apply all of the
75# necessary changes--for example, disabling selinux or enabling
76# network.)
77#   XXX We should make Kickstart work for test servers too
78
[2246]79# Make sure selinux is disabled
80    selinuxenabled || echo "selinux not enabled"
81
[2066]82# Take updates, reboot if there's a kernel update.
83    yum update -y
84
85# Get rid of network manager (XXX figure out to make kickstarter do
86# this for us)
87    yum remove NetworkManager
88
[2111]89# Make sure sendmail isn't installed, replace it with postfix
[2316]90    yum shell -y <<EOF
[2111]91remove sendmail
92install postfix
93run
94exit
95EOF
[2066]96
97# Check out the scripts /etc configuration
98    cd /root
99    \cp -a etc /
100    chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers
[2246]101    grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
[2066]102
[2080]103# [TEST] You'll need to fix some config now.  See bottom of document.
104
[2246]105# Stop /etc/resolv.conf from getting repeatedly overwritten by
106# purging DNS servers from ifcfg-eth0 and ifcfg-eth1
107    vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
108    vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
109
[2066]110# Make sure network is working.  Kickstart should have
[1693]111# configured eth0 and eth1 correctly; use service network restart
[2066]112# to add the new routes from etc in route-eth1.
113    systemctl restart network.service
114    # Check everything worked:
[1693]115    route
116    ifconfig
117    cat /etc/hosts
118    cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth1
[1259]119
[1693]120# This is the point at which you should start updating scriptsified
121# packages for a new Fedora release.  Consult 'upgrade-tips' for more
122# information.
123    yum install -y scripts-base
124    # Some of these packages are naughty and clobber some of our files
125    cd /etc
[2066]126    svn revert resolv.conf hosts sysconfig/openafs nsswitch.conf
[2079]127    # Troubleshooting: if accountadm, tokensys and nscd fail to install
128    # you probably forgot to turn off selinux
[1259]129
[1058]130# Replace rsyslog with syslog-ng by doing:
[2316]131    yum shell -y <<EOF
[2111]132remove rsyslog
133install syslog-ng
134run
135exit
136EOF
[2066]137    systemctl enable syslog-ng.service
[2316]138    systemctl start syslog-ng.service
[861]139
[1058]140# Install the full list of RPMs that users expect to be on the
[1259]141# scripts.mit.edu servers.
142rpm -qa --queryformat "%{Name}.%{Arch}\n" | sort > packages.txt
143# arrange for packages.txt to be passed to the server, then run:
[2111]144    cd /tmp
145    yumdownloader --disablerepo=scripts ghc-cgi ghc-cgi-devel
146    yum localinstall ghc-cgi*.x86_64.rpm
147    yum install -y $(cat packages.txt)
148# The reason this works is that ghc-cgi is marked as installonlypkgs
149# in yum.conf, telling yum to install them side-by-side rather than
150# updating them. If it doesn't work, use --skip-broken on the yum
151# command line.
[1259]152
[1190]153# Check which packages are installed on your new server that are not
154# in the snapshot, and remove ones that aren't needed for some reason
155# on the new machine.  Otherwise, aside from bloat, you may end up
156# with undesirable things for security, like sendmail.
[1693]157    rpm -qa --queryformat "%{Name}.%{Arch}\n" | grep -v kernel | sort > newpackages.txt
158    diff -u packages.txt newpackages.txt | grep -v kernel | less
[1382]159    # here's a cute script that removes all extra packages
[1693]160    yum erase -y $(grep -Fxvf packages.txt newpackages.txt)
[1961]161    # 20101208 - Mysteriously we manage to get these extra packages
162    # from kickstart: mcelog mobile-broadband-provider-info
163    # ModemManager PackageKit
[1190]164
[2066]165# ----------------------------->8--------------------------------------
166#                       INFINITE CONFIGURATION
[812]167
[2112]168# [PROD] Create fedora-ds user (needed for credit-card)
[2318]169# [TEST] too if you want to run a local dirsrv instance
[2214]170useradd -r -d /var/lib/dirsrv fedora-ds
[387]171
[2066]172# Run credit-card to clone in credentials and make things runabble
[2112]173# NOTE: You may be tempted to run credit-card earlier in the install
174# process in order, for example, to be able to SSH in to the servers
175# with Kerberos.  However, it is better to install the credentials
176# *after* we have run a boatload untrusted code as part of the
177# spheroids objects process.  So don't move this step earlier!
[2066]178python host.py push $server
[1961]179
[2298]180# This is superseded by credit-card, which works for [PRODUCTION] and
181# [WIZARD].  We don't have an easy way of running credit-card for XVM...
[2318]182#b
[2066]183#
184#   # All types of servers will have an /etc/daemon.keytab file, however,
185#   # different types of server will have different credentials in this
186#   # keytab.
187#   #   [PRODUCTION] daemon.scripts
188#   #   [WIZARD]     daemon.scripts-security-upd
189#   #   [TESTSERVER] daemon.scripts-test
[1693]190
[2066]191# Test that zephyr is working
192    systemctl enable zhm.service
193    systemctl start zhm.service
194    echo 'Test!' | zwrite -d -c scripts -i test
[1259]195
[2066]196# Check out the scripts /usr/vice/etc configuration
197    cd /root/vice
198    \cp -a etc /usr/vice
[2112]199# [TESTSERVER] If you're installing a test server, this needs to be
200# much smaller; the max filesize on XVM is 10GB.  Pick something like
[2485]201# 500000. Also, some of the AFS parameters are kind of silly (and if
[2112]202# you're low on disk space, will actually exhaust our inodes).  Edit
203# these parameters in /etc/sysconfig/openafs (I just chopped a zero
204# off of all of our parameters)
205    echo "/afs:/usr/vice/cache:500000" > /usr/vice/etc/cacheinfo
206    vim /etc/sysconfig/openafs
[2066]207
[1961]208# [PRODUCTION] Set up replication (see ./install-ldap).
[1693]209# You'll need the LDAP keytab for this server: be sure to chown it
210# fedora-ds after you create the fedora-ds user
211    ls -l /etc/dirsrv/keytab
212    cat install-ldap
[785]213
[2246]214# Enable lots of services (currently in /etc checkout)
[2066]215    systemctl enable openafs-client.service
[2246]216    systemctl enable dirsrv.target
[2066]217    systemctl enable nslcd.service
218    systemctl enable nscd.service
219    systemctl enable postfix.service
[2246]220    systemctl enable nrpe.service # chkconfig'd
[2066]221    systemctl enable httpd.service # not for [WIZARD]
[1961]222
[2066]223    systemctl start openafs-client.service
[2246]224    systemctl start dirsrv.target
[2066]225    systemctl start nslcd.service
226    systemctl start nscd.service
227    systemctl start postfix.service
228    systemctl start nrpe.service
229    systemctl start httpd.service # not for [WIZARD]
[1961]230
[2066]231# Note about OpenAFS: Check that fs sysname is correct.  You should see,
232# among others, 'amd64_fedoraX_scripts' (vary X) and 'scripts'. If it's
233# not, you probably did a distro upgrade and should update
[2246]234# tokensys (server/common/oursrc/tokensys/scripts-afsagent-startup.in)
[2066]235    fs sysname
[818]236
[1259]237# Postfix doesn't actually deliver mail; fix this
238    cd /etc/postfix
239    postmap virtual
[1178]240
[1451]241# Munin might not be monitoring packages that were installed after it
242    munin-node-configure --suggest --shell | sh
243
[1058]244# Run fmtutil-sys --all, which does something that makes TeX work.
[1693]245# (Note: this errors on XeTeX which is ok.)
[1259]246    fmtutil-sys --all
[803]247
[2246]248# Check for unwanted setuid/setgid binaries
[2298]249    find / -xdev -not -perm -o=x -prune -o -type f -perm /ug=s -print | grep -Fxvf /etc/scripts/allowed-setugid.list
250    find / -xdev -not -perm -o=x -prune -o -type f -print0 | xargs -0r /usr/sbin/getcap | cut -d' ' -f1 | grep -Fxvf /etc/scripts/allowed-filecaps.list
[2318]251    # You can prune the first set of binaries using 'chmod u-s' and 'chmod g-s'
252    # and remove capabilities using 'setcap -r'
[2246]253
[2318]254# XXX check for selinux gunk
255
[1259]256# Fix etc by making sure none of our config files got overwritten
257    cd /etc
[1693]258    svn status -q
[2066]259    # Some usual candidates for clobbering include nsswitch.conf,
260    # resolv.conf and sysconfig/openafs
[1961]261    # [WIZARD/TEST] Remember that changes you made should not get
262    # reverted!
[1259]263
[1058]264# Reboot the machine to restore a consistent state, in case you
[1693]265# changed anything. (Note: Starting kdump fails (this is ok))
[875]266
[2066]267# ------------------------------->8-------------------------------
268#                ADDENDA AND MISCELLANEOUS THINGS
269
[1693]270# [OPTIONAL] Your machine's hostname is baked in at install time;
271# in the rare case you need to change it: it appears to be in:
[1259]272#   o /etc/sysconfig/network
273#   o your lvm thingies; probably don't need to edit
[1382]274
[2080]275# [TESTSERVER] Enable password log in
276        vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
277        service sshd reload
278        vim /etc/pam.d/sshd
279# Replace the first auth block with:
280#           # If they're not root, but their user exists (success),
281#           auth    [success=ignore ignore=ignore default=1]        pam_succeed_if.so uid > 0
282#           # print the "You don't have tickets" error:
283#           auth    [success=die ignore=reset default=die]  pam_echo.so file=/etc/issue.net.no_tkt
284#           # If !(they are root),
285#           auth    [success=1 ignore=ignore default=ignore]        pam_succeed_if.so uid eq 0
286#           # print the "your account doesn't exist" error:
287#           auth    [success=die ignore=reset default=die]  pam_echo.so file=/etc/issue.net.no_user
288
289
[2066]290# [WIZARD/TESTSERVER] If you are setting up a non-production server,
291# there are some services that it won't provide, and you will need to
292# make it talk to a real server instead.  In particular:
293#   - We don't serve the web, so don't bind scripts.mit.edu
294#   - We don't serve LDAP, so use another server
[2298]295# XXX: Someone should write sed scripts to do this
[2066]296# This involves editing the following files:
[2318]297        svn rm /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo:{0,1,2,3}
298        svn rm /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth1 # [TESTSERVER] only
[2079]299#   o /etc/nslcd.conf
[2066]300#       replace: uri ldapi://%2fvar%2frun%2fdirsrv%2fslapd-scripts.socket/
301#       with: uri ldap://scripts.mit.edu/
[2079]302#           (what happened to nss-ldapd?)
[2066]303#   o /etc/openldap/ldap.conf
304#       add: URI ldap://scripts.mit.edu/
305#            BASE dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu
306#   o /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost_ldap.conf
307#       replace: VhostLDAPUrl "ldap://127.0.0.1/ou=VirtualHosts,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu"
308#       with: VhostLDAPUrl "ldap://scripts.mit.edu/ou=VirtualHosts,dc=scripts,dc=mit,dc=edu"
309#   o /etc/postfix/virtual-alias-{domains,maps}-ldap.cf
310#       replace: server_host ldapi://%2fvar%2frun%2fdirsrv%2fslapd-scripts.socket/
311#       with: server_host = ldap://scripts.mit.edu
312# to use scripts.mit.edu instead of localhost.
313
314# [WIZARD/TESTSERVER] If you are setting up a non-production server,
315# afsagent's cronjob will attempt to be renewing with the wrong
316# credentials (daemon.scripts). Change this:
317    vim /home/afsagent/renew # replace all mentions of daemon.scripts.mit.edu
318
[2298]319# [TESTSERVER]
[1961]320#   - You need a self-signed SSL cert or Apache will refuse to start
[2318]321#     or do SSL.  Generate with: (XXX recommended CN?)
322    openssl req -new -x509 -keyout /etc/pki/tls/private/scripts.key -out /etc/pki/tls/certs/scripts-cert.pem -nodes
[2112]323    ln -s /etc/pki/tls/private/scripts.key /etc/pki/tls/private/scripts-1024.key
[2318]324#     Also make the various public keys match up
325    openssl rsa -in /etc/pki/tls/private/scripts.key -pubout > /etc/pki/tls/certs/star.scripts.pem
326    openssl rsa -in /etc/pki/tls/private/scripts.key -pubout > /etc/pki/tls/certs/scripts.pem
327    openssl rsa -in /etc/pki/tls/private/scripts.key -pubout > /etc/pki/tls/certs/scripts-cert.pem
328#     Nuke the CSRs since they will all mismatch
329#     XXX alternate strategy replace all the pem's as above
330    cd /etc/httpd/vhosts.d
331    svn rm *.conf
[1961]332
[2318]333# [TESTSERVER]
334#   Remove vhosts.d which we don't have rights for XXX
335
[1961]336# [TESTSERVER] More stuff for test servers
[1382]337#   - Make (/etc/aliases) root mail go to /dev/null, so we don't spam people
338#   - Edit /etc/httpd/conf.d/scripts-vhost-names.conf to have scripts-fX-test.xvm.mit.edu
339#     be an accepted vhost name
340#   - Look at the old test server and see what config changes are floating around
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