]> scripts.mit.edu Git - autoinstallsdev/mediawiki.git/blobdiff - includes/Sanitizer.php
MediaWiki 1.30.2
[autoinstallsdev/mediawiki.git] / includes / Sanitizer.php
index a6c642641bbd75d9eba58950be69e0e89e40f143..fcf482ba10e4f283e49f7cae2d48243bf6cd1712 100644 (file)
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 <?php
 /**
- * XHTML sanitizer for MediaWiki
+ * HTML sanitizer for %MediaWiki.
  *
  * Copyright © 2002-2005 Brion Vibber <brion@pobox.com> et al
- * http://www.mediawiki.org/
+ * https://www.mediawiki.org/
  *
  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  */
 
 /**
- * Regular expression to match various types of character references in
- * Sanitizer::normalizeCharReferences and Sanitizer::decodeCharReferences
+ * HTML sanitizer for MediaWiki
+ * @ingroup Parser
  */
-define( 'MW_CHAR_REFS_REGEX',
-       '/&([A-Za-z0-9\x80-\xff]+);
-        |&\#([0-9]+);
-        |&\#x([0-9A-Za-z]+);
-        |&\#X([0-9A-Za-z]+);
-        |(&)/x' );
+class Sanitizer {
+       /**
+        * Regular expression to match various types of character references in
+        * Sanitizer::normalizeCharReferences and Sanitizer::decodeCharReferences
+        */
+       const CHAR_REFS_REGEX =
+               '/&([A-Za-z0-9\x80-\xff]+);
+                |&\#([0-9]+);
+                |&\#[xX]([0-9A-Fa-f]+);
+                |(&)/x';
 
-/**
- * Regular expression to match HTML/XML attribute pairs within a tag.
- * Allows some... latitude.
- * Used in Sanitizer::fixTagAttributes and Sanitizer::decodeTagAttributes
- */
-$attribFirst = '[:A-Z_a-z0-9]';
-$attrib = '[:A-Z_a-z-.0-9]';
-$space = '[\x09\x0a\x0d\x20]';
-define( 'MW_ATTRIBS_REGEX',
-       "/(?:^|$space)({$attribFirst}{$attrib}*)
-         ($space*=$space*
-               (?:
-                # The attribute value: quoted or alone
-                 \"([^<\"]*)\"
-                | '([^<']*)'
-                |  ([a-zA-Z0-9!#$%&()*,\\-.\\/:;<>?@[\\]^_`{|}~]+)
-                |  (\#[0-9a-fA-F]+) # Technically wrong, but lots of
-                                                        # colors are specified like this.
-                                                        # We'll be normalizing it.
-               )
-          )?(?=$space|\$)/sx" );
+       /**
+        * Acceptable tag name charset from HTML5 parsing spec
+        * https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/syntax.html#tag-open-state
+        */
+       const ELEMENT_BITS_REGEX = '!^(/?)([A-Za-z][^\t\n\v />\0]*+)([^>]*?)(/?>)([^<]*)$!';
 
-/**
- * Regular expression to match URIs that could trigger script execution
- */
-define( 'MW_EVIL_URI_PATTERN', '!(^|\s|\*/\s*)(javascript|vbscript)([^\w]|$)!i' );
+       /**
+        * Blacklist for evil uris like javascript:
+        * WARNING: DO NOT use this in any place that actually requires blacklisting
+        * for security reasons. There are NUMEROUS[1] ways to bypass blacklisting, the
+        * only way to be secure from javascript: uri based xss vectors is to whitelist
+        * things that you know are safe and deny everything else.
+        * [1]: http://ha.ckers.org/xss.html
+        */
+       const EVIL_URI_PATTERN = '!(^|\s|\*/\s*)(javascript|vbscript)([^\w]|$)!i';
+       const XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN = "/^xmlns:[:A-Z_a-z-.0-9]+$/";
 
-/**
- * Regular expression to match namespace attributes
- */
-define( 'MW_XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE_PATTRN', "/^xmlns:$attrib+$/" );
+       /**
+        * Tells escapeUrlForHtml() to encode the ID using the wiki's primary encoding.
+        *
+        * @since 1.30
+        */
+       const ID_PRIMARY = 0;
 
-/**
- * List of all named character entities defined in HTML 4.01
- * http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/sgml/entities.html
- * @private
- */
-global $wgHtmlEntities;
-$wgHtmlEntities = array(
-       'Aacute'   => 193,
-       'aacute'   => 225,
-       'Acirc'    => 194,
-       'acirc'    => 226,
-       'acute'    => 180,
-       'AElig'    => 198,
-       'aelig'    => 230,
-       'Agrave'   => 192,
-       'agrave'   => 224,
-       'alefsym'  => 8501,
-       'Alpha'    => 913,
-       'alpha'    => 945,
-       'amp'      => 38,
-       'and'      => 8743,
-       'ang'      => 8736,
-       'Aring'    => 197,
-       'aring'    => 229,
-       'asymp'    => 8776,
-       'Atilde'   => 195,
-       'atilde'   => 227,
-       'Auml'     => 196,
-       'auml'     => 228,
-       'bdquo'    => 8222,
-       'Beta'     => 914,
-       'beta'     => 946,
-       'brvbar'   => 166,
-       'bull'     => 8226,
-       'cap'      => 8745,
-       'Ccedil'   => 199,
-       'ccedil'   => 231,
-       'cedil'    => 184,
-       'cent'     => 162,
-       'Chi'      => 935,
-       'chi'      => 967,
-       'circ'     => 710,
-       'clubs'    => 9827,
-       'cong'     => 8773,
-       'copy'     => 169,
-       'crarr'    => 8629,
-       'cup'      => 8746,
-       'curren'   => 164,
-       'dagger'   => 8224,
-       'Dagger'   => 8225,
-       'darr'     => 8595,
-       'dArr'     => 8659,
-       'deg'      => 176,
-       'Delta'    => 916,
-       'delta'    => 948,
-       'diams'    => 9830,
-       'divide'   => 247,
-       'Eacute'   => 201,
-       'eacute'   => 233,
-       'Ecirc'    => 202,
-       'ecirc'    => 234,
-       'Egrave'   => 200,
-       'egrave'   => 232,
-       'empty'    => 8709,
-       'emsp'     => 8195,
-       'ensp'     => 8194,
-       'Epsilon'  => 917,
-       'epsilon'  => 949,
-       'equiv'    => 8801,
-       'Eta'      => 919,
-       'eta'      => 951,
-       'ETH'      => 208,
-       'eth'      => 240,
-       'Euml'     => 203,
-       'euml'     => 235,
-       'euro'     => 8364,
-       'exist'    => 8707,
-       'fnof'     => 402,
-       'forall'   => 8704,
-       'frac12'   => 189,
-       'frac14'   => 188,
-       'frac34'   => 190,
-       'frasl'    => 8260,
-       'Gamma'    => 915,
-       'gamma'    => 947,
-       'ge'       => 8805,
-       'gt'       => 62,
-       'harr'     => 8596,
-       'hArr'     => 8660,
-       'hearts'   => 9829,
-       'hellip'   => 8230,
-       'Iacute'   => 205,
-       'iacute'   => 237,
-       'Icirc'    => 206,
-       'icirc'    => 238,
-       'iexcl'    => 161,
-       'Igrave'   => 204,
-       'igrave'   => 236,
-       'image'    => 8465,
-       'infin'    => 8734,
-       'int'      => 8747,
-       'Iota'     => 921,
-       'iota'     => 953,
-       'iquest'   => 191,
-       'isin'     => 8712,
-       'Iuml'     => 207,
-       'iuml'     => 239,
-       'Kappa'    => 922,
-       'kappa'    => 954,
-       'Lambda'   => 923,
-       'lambda'   => 955,
-       'lang'     => 9001,
-       'laquo'    => 171,
-       'larr'     => 8592,
-       'lArr'     => 8656,
-       'lceil'    => 8968,
-       'ldquo'    => 8220,
-       'le'       => 8804,
-       'lfloor'   => 8970,
-       'lowast'   => 8727,
-       'loz'      => 9674,
-       'lrm'      => 8206,
-       'lsaquo'   => 8249,
-       'lsquo'    => 8216,
-       'lt'       => 60,
-       'macr'     => 175,
-       'mdash'    => 8212,
-       'micro'    => 181,
-       'middot'   => 183,
-       'minus'    => 8722,
-       'Mu'       => 924,
-       'mu'       => 956,
-       'nabla'    => 8711,
-       'nbsp'     => 160,
-       'ndash'    => 8211,
-       'ne'       => 8800,
-       'ni'       => 8715,
-       'not'      => 172,
-       'notin'    => 8713,
-       'nsub'     => 8836,
-       'Ntilde'   => 209,
-       'ntilde'   => 241,
-       'Nu'       => 925,
-       'nu'       => 957,
-       'Oacute'   => 211,
-       'oacute'   => 243,
-       'Ocirc'    => 212,
-       'ocirc'    => 244,
-       'OElig'    => 338,
-       'oelig'    => 339,
-       'Ograve'   => 210,
-       'ograve'   => 242,
-       'oline'    => 8254,
-       'Omega'    => 937,
-       'omega'    => 969,
-       'Omicron'  => 927,
-       'omicron'  => 959,
-       'oplus'    => 8853,
-       'or'       => 8744,
-       'ordf'     => 170,
-       'ordm'     => 186,
-       'Oslash'   => 216,
-       'oslash'   => 248,
-       'Otilde'   => 213,
-       'otilde'   => 245,
-       'otimes'   => 8855,
-       'Ouml'     => 214,
-       'ouml'     => 246,
-       'para'     => 182,
-       'part'     => 8706,
-       'permil'   => 8240,
-       'perp'     => 8869,
-       'Phi'      => 934,
-       'phi'      => 966,
-       'Pi'       => 928,
-       'pi'       => 960,
-       'piv'      => 982,
-       'plusmn'   => 177,
-       'pound'    => 163,
-       'prime'    => 8242,
-       'Prime'    => 8243,
-       'prod'     => 8719,
-       'prop'     => 8733,
-       'Psi'      => 936,
-       'psi'      => 968,
-       'quot'     => 34,
-       'radic'    => 8730,
-       'rang'     => 9002,
-       'raquo'    => 187,
-       'rarr'     => 8594,
-       'rArr'     => 8658,
-       'rceil'    => 8969,
-       'rdquo'    => 8221,
-       'real'     => 8476,
-       'reg'      => 174,
-       'rfloor'   => 8971,
-       'Rho'      => 929,
-       'rho'      => 961,
-       'rlm'      => 8207,
-       'rsaquo'   => 8250,
-       'rsquo'    => 8217,
-       'sbquo'    => 8218,
-       'Scaron'   => 352,
-       'scaron'   => 353,
-       'sdot'     => 8901,
-       'sect'     => 167,
-       'shy'      => 173,
-       'Sigma'    => 931,
-       'sigma'    => 963,
-       'sigmaf'   => 962,
-       'sim'      => 8764,
-       'spades'   => 9824,
-       'sub'      => 8834,
-       'sube'     => 8838,
-       'sum'      => 8721,
-       'sup'      => 8835,
-       'sup1'     => 185,
-       'sup2'     => 178,
-       'sup3'     => 179,
-       'supe'     => 8839,
-       'szlig'    => 223,
-       'Tau'      => 932,
-       'tau'      => 964,
-       'there4'   => 8756,
-       'Theta'    => 920,
-       'theta'    => 952,
-       'thetasym' => 977,
-       'thinsp'   => 8201,
-       'THORN'    => 222,
-       'thorn'    => 254,
-       'tilde'    => 732,
-       'times'    => 215,
-       'trade'    => 8482,
-       'Uacute'   => 218,
-       'uacute'   => 250,
-       'uarr'     => 8593,
-       'uArr'     => 8657,
-       'Ucirc'    => 219,
-       'ucirc'    => 251,
-       'Ugrave'   => 217,
-       'ugrave'   => 249,
-       'uml'      => 168,
-       'upsih'    => 978,
-       'Upsilon'  => 933,
-       'upsilon'  => 965,
-       'Uuml'     => 220,
-       'uuml'     => 252,
-       'weierp'   => 8472,
-       'Xi'       => 926,
-       'xi'       => 958,
-       'Yacute'   => 221,
-       'yacute'   => 253,
-       'yen'      => 165,
-       'Yuml'     => 376,
-       'yuml'     => 255,
-       'Zeta'     => 918,
-       'zeta'     => 950,
-       'zwj'      => 8205,
-       'zwnj'     => 8204 );
+       /**
+        * Tells escapeUrlForHtml() to encode the ID using the fallback encoding, or return false
+        * if no fallback is configured.
+        *
+        * @since 1.30
+        */
+       const ID_FALLBACK = 1;
 
-/**
- * Character entity aliases accepted by MediaWiki
- */
-global $wgHtmlEntityAliases;
-$wgHtmlEntityAliases = array(
-       'רלמ' => 'rlm',
-       'رلم' => 'rlm',
-);
+       /**
+        * List of all named character entities defined in HTML 4.01
+        * https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/sgml/entities.html
+        * As well as &apos; which is only defined starting in XHTML1.
+        */
+       private static $htmlEntities = [
+               'Aacute'   => 193,
+               'aacute'   => 225,
+               'Acirc'    => 194,
+               'acirc'    => 226,
+               'acute'    => 180,
+               'AElig'    => 198,
+               'aelig'    => 230,
+               'Agrave'   => 192,
+               'agrave'   => 224,
+               'alefsym'  => 8501,
+               'Alpha'    => 913,
+               'alpha'    => 945,
+               'amp'      => 38,
+               'and'      => 8743,
+               'ang'      => 8736,
+               'apos'     => 39, // New in XHTML & HTML 5; avoid in output for compatibility with IE.
+               'Aring'    => 197,
+               'aring'    => 229,
+               'asymp'    => 8776,
+               'Atilde'   => 195,
+               'atilde'   => 227,
+               'Auml'     => 196,
+               'auml'     => 228,
+               'bdquo'    => 8222,
+               'Beta'     => 914,
+               'beta'     => 946,
+               'brvbar'   => 166,
+               'bull'     => 8226,
+               'cap'      => 8745,
+               'Ccedil'   => 199,
+               'ccedil'   => 231,
+               'cedil'    => 184,
+               'cent'     => 162,
+               'Chi'      => 935,
+               'chi'      => 967,
+               'circ'     => 710,
+               'clubs'    => 9827,
+               'cong'     => 8773,
+               'copy'     => 169,
+               'crarr'    => 8629,
+               'cup'      => 8746,
+               'curren'   => 164,
+               'dagger'   => 8224,
+               'Dagger'   => 8225,
+               'darr'     => 8595,
+               'dArr'     => 8659,
+               'deg'      => 176,
+               'Delta'    => 916,
+               'delta'    => 948,
+               'diams'    => 9830,
+               'divide'   => 247,
+               'Eacute'   => 201,
+               'eacute'   => 233,
+               'Ecirc'    => 202,
+               'ecirc'    => 234,
+               'Egrave'   => 200,
+               'egrave'   => 232,
+               'empty'    => 8709,
+               'emsp'     => 8195,
+               'ensp'     => 8194,
+               'Epsilon'  => 917,
+               'epsilon'  => 949,
+               'equiv'    => 8801,
+               'Eta'      => 919,
+               'eta'      => 951,
+               'ETH'      => 208,
+               'eth'      => 240,
+               'Euml'     => 203,
+               'euml'     => 235,
+               'euro'     => 8364,
+               'exist'    => 8707,
+               'fnof'     => 402,
+               'forall'   => 8704,
+               'frac12'   => 189,
+               'frac14'   => 188,
+               'frac34'   => 190,
+               'frasl'    => 8260,
+               'Gamma'    => 915,
+               'gamma'    => 947,
+               'ge'       => 8805,
+               'gt'       => 62,
+               'harr'     => 8596,
+               'hArr'     => 8660,
+               'hearts'   => 9829,
+               'hellip'   => 8230,
+               'Iacute'   => 205,
+               'iacute'   => 237,
+               'Icirc'    => 206,
+               'icirc'    => 238,
+               'iexcl'    => 161,
+               'Igrave'   => 204,
+               'igrave'   => 236,
+               'image'    => 8465,
+               'infin'    => 8734,
+               'int'      => 8747,
+               'Iota'     => 921,
+               'iota'     => 953,
+               'iquest'   => 191,
+               'isin'     => 8712,
+               'Iuml'     => 207,
+               'iuml'     => 239,
+               'Kappa'    => 922,
+               'kappa'    => 954,
+               'Lambda'   => 923,
+               'lambda'   => 955,
+               'lang'     => 9001,
+               'laquo'    => 171,
+               'larr'     => 8592,
+               'lArr'     => 8656,
+               'lceil'    => 8968,
+               'ldquo'    => 8220,
+               'le'       => 8804,
+               'lfloor'   => 8970,
+               'lowast'   => 8727,
+               'loz'      => 9674,
+               'lrm'      => 8206,
+               'lsaquo'   => 8249,
+               'lsquo'    => 8216,
+               'lt'       => 60,
+               'macr'     => 175,
+               'mdash'    => 8212,
+               'micro'    => 181,
+               'middot'   => 183,
+               'minus'    => 8722,
+               'Mu'       => 924,
+               'mu'       => 956,
+               'nabla'    => 8711,
+               'nbsp'     => 160,
+               'ndash'    => 8211,
+               'ne'       => 8800,
+               'ni'       => 8715,
+               'not'      => 172,
+               'notin'    => 8713,
+               'nsub'     => 8836,
+               'Ntilde'   => 209,
+               'ntilde'   => 241,
+               'Nu'       => 925,
+               'nu'       => 957,
+               'Oacute'   => 211,
+               'oacute'   => 243,
+               'Ocirc'    => 212,
+               'ocirc'    => 244,
+               'OElig'    => 338,
+               'oelig'    => 339,
+               'Ograve'   => 210,
+               'ograve'   => 242,
+               'oline'    => 8254,
+               'Omega'    => 937,
+               'omega'    => 969,
+               'Omicron'  => 927,
+               'omicron'  => 959,
+               'oplus'    => 8853,
+               'or'       => 8744,
+               'ordf'     => 170,
+               'ordm'     => 186,
+               'Oslash'   => 216,
+               'oslash'   => 248,
+               'Otilde'   => 213,
+               'otilde'   => 245,
+               'otimes'   => 8855,
+               'Ouml'     => 214,
+               'ouml'     => 246,
+               'para'     => 182,
+               'part'     => 8706,
+               'permil'   => 8240,
+               'perp'     => 8869,
+               'Phi'      => 934,
+               'phi'      => 966,
+               'Pi'       => 928,
+               'pi'       => 960,
+               'piv'      => 982,
+               'plusmn'   => 177,
+               'pound'    => 163,
+               'prime'    => 8242,
+               'Prime'    => 8243,
+               'prod'     => 8719,
+               'prop'     => 8733,
+               'Psi'      => 936,
+               'psi'      => 968,
+               'quot'     => 34,
+               'radic'    => 8730,
+               'rang'     => 9002,
+               'raquo'    => 187,
+               'rarr'     => 8594,
+               'rArr'     => 8658,
+               'rceil'    => 8969,
+               'rdquo'    => 8221,
+               'real'     => 8476,
+               'reg'      => 174,
+               'rfloor'   => 8971,
+               'Rho'      => 929,
+               'rho'      => 961,
+               'rlm'      => 8207,
+               'rsaquo'   => 8250,
+               'rsquo'    => 8217,
+               'sbquo'    => 8218,
+               'Scaron'   => 352,
+               'scaron'   => 353,
+               'sdot'     => 8901,
+               'sect'     => 167,
+               'shy'      => 173,
+               'Sigma'    => 931,
+               'sigma'    => 963,
+               'sigmaf'   => 962,
+               'sim'      => 8764,
+               'spades'   => 9824,
+               'sub'      => 8834,
+               'sube'     => 8838,
+               'sum'      => 8721,
+               'sup'      => 8835,
+               'sup1'     => 185,
+               'sup2'     => 178,
+               'sup3'     => 179,
+               'supe'     => 8839,
+               'szlig'    => 223,
+               'Tau'      => 932,
+               'tau'      => 964,
+               'there4'   => 8756,
+               'Theta'    => 920,
+               'theta'    => 952,
+               'thetasym' => 977,
+               'thinsp'   => 8201,
+               'THORN'    => 222,
+               'thorn'    => 254,
+               'tilde'    => 732,
+               'times'    => 215,
+               'trade'    => 8482,
+               'Uacute'   => 218,
+               'uacute'   => 250,
+               'uarr'     => 8593,
+               'uArr'     => 8657,
+               'Ucirc'    => 219,
+               'ucirc'    => 251,
+               'Ugrave'   => 217,
+               'ugrave'   => 249,
+               'uml'      => 168,
+               'upsih'    => 978,
+               'Upsilon'  => 933,
+               'upsilon'  => 965,
+               'Uuml'     => 220,
+               'uuml'     => 252,
+               'weierp'   => 8472,
+               'Xi'       => 926,
+               'xi'       => 958,
+               'Yacute'   => 221,
+               'yacute'   => 253,
+               'yen'      => 165,
+               'Yuml'     => 376,
+               'yuml'     => 255,
+               'Zeta'     => 918,
+               'zeta'     => 950,
+               'zwj'      => 8205,
+               'zwnj'     => 8204
+       ];
 
+       /**
+        * Character entity aliases accepted by MediaWiki
+        */
+       private static $htmlEntityAliases = [
+               'רלמ' => 'rlm',
+               'رلم' => 'rlm',
+       ];
 
-/**
- * XHTML sanitizer for MediaWiki
- * @ingroup Parser
- */
-class Sanitizer {
        /**
-        * Cleans up HTML, removes dangerous tags and attributes, and
-        * removes HTML comments
-        * @private
-        * @param $text String
-        * @param $processCallback Callback to do any variable or parameter replacements in HTML attribute values
-        * @param $args Array for the processing callback
-        * @param $extratags Array for any extra tags to include
-        * @param $removetags Array for any tags (default or extra) to exclude
+        * Lazy-initialised attributes regex, see getAttribsRegex()
+        */
+       private static $attribsRegex;
+
+       /**
+        * Regular expression to match HTML/XML attribute pairs within a tag.
+        * Allows some... latitude. Based on,
+        * https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/syntax.html#before-attribute-value-state
+        * Used in Sanitizer::fixTagAttributes and Sanitizer::decodeTagAttributes
         * @return string
         */
-       static function removeHTMLtags( $text, $processCallback = null, $args = array(), $extratags = array(), $removetags = array() ) {
-               global $wgUseTidy;
+       static function getAttribsRegex() {
+               if ( self::$attribsRegex === null ) {
+                       $attribFirst = "[:_\p{L}\p{N}]";
+                       $attrib = "[:_\.\-\p{L}\p{N}]";
+                       $space = '[\x09\x0a\x0c\x0d\x20]';
+                       self::$attribsRegex =
+                               "/(?:^|$space)({$attribFirst}{$attrib}*)
+                                       ($space*=$space*
+                                       (?:
+                                               # The attribute value: quoted or alone
+                                               \"([^\"]*)(?:\"|\$)
+                                               | '([^']*)(?:'|\$)
+                                               | (((?!$space|>).)*)
+                                       )
+                               )?(?=$space|\$)/sxu";
+               }
+               return self::$attribsRegex;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Return the various lists of recognized tags
+        * @param array $extratags For any extra tags to include
+        * @param array $removetags For any tags (default or extra) to exclude
+        * @return array
+        */
+       public static function getRecognizedTagData( $extratags = [], $removetags = [] ) {
+               global $wgAllowImageTag;
 
                static $htmlpairsStatic, $htmlsingle, $htmlsingleonly, $htmlnest, $tabletags,
                        $htmllist, $listtags, $htmlsingleallowed, $htmlelementsStatic, $staticInitialised;
 
-               wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );
-
-               if ( !$staticInitialised ) {
-
-                       $htmlpairsStatic = array( # Tags that must be closed
-                               'b', 'del', 'i', 'ins', 'u', 'font', 'big', 'small', 'sub', 'sup', 'h1',
+               // Base our staticInitialised variable off of the global config state so that if the globals
+               // are changed (like in the screwed up test system) we will re-initialise the settings.
+               $globalContext = $wgAllowImageTag;
+               if ( !$staticInitialised || $staticInitialised != $globalContext ) {
+                       $htmlpairsStatic = [ # Tags that must be closed
+                               'b', 'bdi', 'del', 'i', 'ins', 'u', 'font', 'big', 'small', 'sub', 'sup', 'h1',
                                'h2', 'h3', 'h4', 'h5', 'h6', 'cite', 'code', 'em', 's',
                                'strike', 'strong', 'tt', 'var', 'div', 'center',
                                'blockquote', 'ol', 'ul', 'dl', 'table', 'caption', 'pre',
-                               'ruby', 'rt' , 'rb' , 'rp', 'p', 'span', 'abbr', 'dfn',
-                               'kbd', 'samp'
-                       );
-                       $htmlsingle = array(
-                               'br', 'hr', 'li', 'dt', 'dd'
-                       );
-                       $htmlsingleonly = array( # Elements that cannot have close tags
-                               'br', 'hr'
-                       );
-                       $htmlnest = array( # Tags that can be nested--??
+                               'ruby', 'rb', 'rp', 'rt', 'rtc', 'p', 'span', 'abbr', 'dfn',
+                               'kbd', 'samp', 'data', 'time', 'mark'
+                       ];
+                       $htmlsingle = [
+                               'br', 'wbr', 'hr', 'li', 'dt', 'dd', 'meta', 'link'
+                       ];
+
+                       # Elements that cannot have close tags. This is (not coincidentally)
+                       # also the list of tags for which the HTML 5 parsing algorithm
+                       # requires you to "acknowledge the token's self-closing flag", i.e.
+                       # a self-closing tag like <br/> is not an HTML 5 parse error only
+                       # for this list.
+                       $htmlsingleonly = [
+                               'br', 'wbr', 'hr', 'meta', 'link'
+                       ];
+
+                       $htmlnest = [ # Tags that can be nested--??
                                'table', 'tr', 'td', 'th', 'div', 'blockquote', 'ol', 'ul',
-                               'dl', 'font', 'big', 'small', 'sub', 'sup', 'span'
-                       );
-                       $tabletags = array( # Can only appear inside table, we will close them
+                               'li', 'dl', 'dt', 'dd', 'font', 'big', 'small', 'sub', 'sup', 'span',
+                               'var', 'kbd', 'samp', 'em', 'strong', 'q', 'ruby', 'bdo'
+                       ];
+                       $tabletags = [ # Can only appear inside table, we will close them
                                'td', 'th', 'tr',
-                       );
-                       $htmllist = array( # Tags used by list
-                               'ul','ol',
-                       );
-                       $listtags = array( # Tags that can appear in a list
+                       ];
+                       $htmllist = [ # Tags used by list
+                               'ul', 'ol',
+                       ];
+                       $listtags = [ # Tags that can appear in a list
                                'li',
-                       );
+                       ];
 
-                       global $wgAllowImageTag;
                        if ( $wgAllowImageTag ) {
                                $htmlsingle[] = 'img';
                                $htmlsingleonly[] = 'img';
@@ -401,66 +432,117 @@ class Sanitizer {
                        $htmlelementsStatic = array_unique( array_merge( $htmlsingle, $htmlpairsStatic, $htmlnest ) );
 
                        # Convert them all to hashtables for faster lookup
-                       $vars = array( 'htmlpairsStatic', 'htmlsingle', 'htmlsingleonly', 'htmlnest', 'tabletags',
-                               'htmllist', 'listtags', 'htmlsingleallowed', 'htmlelementsStatic' );
+                       $vars = [ 'htmlpairsStatic', 'htmlsingle', 'htmlsingleonly', 'htmlnest', 'tabletags',
+                               'htmllist', 'listtags', 'htmlsingleallowed', 'htmlelementsStatic' ];
                        foreach ( $vars as $var ) {
                                $$var = array_flip( $$var );
                        }
-                       $staticInitialised = true;
+                       $staticInitialised = $globalContext;
                }
+
                # Populate $htmlpairs and $htmlelements with the $extratags and $removetags arrays
                $extratags = array_flip( $extratags );
                $removetags = array_flip( $removetags );
                $htmlpairs = array_merge( $extratags, $htmlpairsStatic );
-               $htmlelements = array_diff_key( array_merge( $extratags, $htmlelementsStatic ) , $removetags );
+               $htmlelements = array_diff_key( array_merge( $extratags, $htmlelementsStatic ), $removetags );
+
+               return [
+                       'htmlpairs' => $htmlpairs,
+                       'htmlsingle' => $htmlsingle,
+                       'htmlsingleonly' => $htmlsingleonly,
+                       'htmlnest' => $htmlnest,
+                       'tabletags' => $tabletags,
+                       'htmllist' => $htmllist,
+                       'listtags' => $listtags,
+                       'htmlsingleallowed' => $htmlsingleallowed,
+                       'htmlelements' => $htmlelements,
+               ];
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Cleans up HTML, removes dangerous tags and attributes, and
+        * removes HTML comments
+        * @param string $text
+        * @param callable $processCallback Callback to do any variable or parameter
+        *   replacements in HTML attribute values
+        * @param array|bool $args Arguments for the processing callback
+        * @param array $extratags For any extra tags to include
+        * @param array $removetags For any tags (default or extra) to exclude
+        * @param callable $warnCallback (Deprecated) Callback allowing the
+        *   addition of a tracking category when bad input is encountered.
+        *   DO NOT ADD NEW PARAMETERS AFTER $warnCallback, since it will be
+        *   removed shortly.
+        * @return string
+        */
+       public static function removeHTMLtags( $text, $processCallback = null,
+               $args = [], $extratags = [], $removetags = [], $warnCallback = null
+       ) {
+               extract( self::getRecognizedTagData( $extratags, $removetags ) );
 
                # Remove HTML comments
-               $text = Sanitizer::removeHTMLcomments( $text );
+               $text = self::removeHTMLcomments( $text );
                $bits = explode( '<', $text );
                $text = str_replace( '>', '&gt;', array_shift( $bits ) );
-               if ( !$wgUseTidy ) {
-                       $tagstack = $tablestack = array();
+               if ( !MWTidy::isEnabled() ) {
+                       $tagstack = $tablestack = [];
                        foreach ( $bits as $x ) {
-                               $regs = array();
+                               $regs = [];
                                # $slash: Does the current element start with a '/'?
                                # $t: Current element name
                                # $params: String between element name and >
                                # $brace: Ending '>' or '/>'
                                # $rest: Everything until the next element of $bits
-                               if( preg_match( '!^(/?)(\\w+)([^>]*?)(/{0,1}>)([^<]*)$!', $x, $regs ) ) {
+                               if ( preg_match( self::ELEMENT_BITS_REGEX, $x, $regs ) ) {
                                        list( /* $qbar */, $slash, $t, $params, $brace, $rest ) = $regs;
                                } else {
                                        $slash = $t = $params = $brace = $rest = null;
                                }
 
                                $badtag = false;
-                               if ( isset( $htmlelements[$t = strtolower( $t )] ) ) {
+                               $t = strtolower( $t );
+                               if ( isset( $htmlelements[$t] ) ) {
                                        # Check our stack
                                        if ( $slash && isset( $htmlsingleonly[$t] ) ) {
                                                $badtag = true;
                                        } elseif ( $slash ) {
                                                # Closing a tag... is it the one we just opened?
-                                               $ot = @array_pop( $tagstack );
+                                               MediaWiki\suppressWarnings();
+                                               $ot = array_pop( $tagstack );
+                                               MediaWiki\restoreWarnings();
+
                                                if ( $ot != $t ) {
                                                        if ( isset( $htmlsingleallowed[$ot] ) ) {
                                                                # Pop all elements with an optional close tag
                                                                # and see if we find a match below them
-                                                               $optstack = array();
+                                                               $optstack = [];
                                                                array_push( $optstack, $ot );
-                                                               $ot = @array_pop( $tagstack );
+                                                               MediaWiki\suppressWarnings();
+                                                               $ot = array_pop( $tagstack );
+                                                               MediaWiki\restoreWarnings();
                                                                while ( $ot != $t && isset( $htmlsingleallowed[$ot] ) ) {
                                                                        array_push( $optstack, $ot );
-                                                                       $ot = @array_pop( $tagstack );
+                                                                       MediaWiki\suppressWarnings();
+                                                                       $ot = array_pop( $tagstack );
+                                                                       MediaWiki\restoreWarnings();
                                                                }
                                                                if ( $t != $ot ) {
                                                                        # No match. Push the optional elements back again
                                                                        $badtag = true;
-                                                                       while ( $ot = @array_pop( $optstack ) ) {
+                                                                       MediaWiki\suppressWarnings();
+                                                                       $ot = array_pop( $optstack );
+                                                                       MediaWiki\restoreWarnings();
+                                                                       while ( $ot ) {
                                                                                array_push( $tagstack, $ot );
+                                                                               MediaWiki\suppressWarnings();
+                                                                               $ot = array_pop( $optstack );
+                                                                               MediaWiki\restoreWarnings();
                                                                        }
                                                                }
                                                        } else {
-                                                               @array_push( $tagstack, $ot );
+                                                               MediaWiki\suppressWarnings();
+                                                               array_push( $tagstack, $ot );
+                                                               MediaWiki\restoreWarnings();
+
                                                                # <li> can be nested in <ul> or <ol>, skip those cases:
                                                                if ( !isset( $htmllist[$ot] ) || !isset( $listtags[$t] ) ) {
                                                                        $badtag = true;
@@ -474,42 +556,54 @@ class Sanitizer {
                                                $newparams = '';
                                        } else {
                                                # Keep track for later
-                                               if ( isset( $tabletags[$t] ) &&
-                                               !in_array( 'table', $tagstack ) ) {
+                                               if ( isset( $tabletags[$t] ) && !in_array( 'table', $tagstack ) ) {
                                                        $badtag = true;
-                                               } elseif ( in_array( $t, $tagstack ) &&
-                                               !isset( $htmlnest [$t ] ) ) {
+                                               } elseif ( in_array( $t, $tagstack ) && !isset( $htmlnest[$t] ) ) {
                                                        $badtag = true;
-                                               # Is it a self closed htmlpair ? (bug 5487)
-                                               } elseif ( $brace == '/>' &&
-                                               isset( $htmlpairs[$t] ) ) {
+                                               #  Is it a self closed htmlpair ? (T7487)
+                                               } elseif ( $brace == '/>' && isset( $htmlpairs[$t] ) ) {
+                                                       // Eventually we'll just remove the self-closing
+                                                       // slash, in order to be consistent with HTML5
+                                                       // semantics.
+                                                       // $brace = '>';
+                                                       // For now, let's just warn authors to clean up.
+                                                       if ( is_callable( $warnCallback ) ) {
+                                                               call_user_func_array( $warnCallback, [ 'deprecated-self-close-category' ] );
+                                                       }
                                                        $badtag = true;
                                                } elseif ( isset( $htmlsingleonly[$t] ) ) {
-                                                       # Hack to force empty tag for uncloseable elements
+                                                       # Hack to force empty tag for unclosable elements
                                                        $brace = '/>';
                                                } elseif ( isset( $htmlsingle[$t] ) ) {
                                                        # Hack to not close $htmlsingle tags
                                                        $brace = null;
-                                               } elseif ( isset( $tabletags[$t] )
-                                               && in_array( $t, $tagstack ) ) {
+                                                       # Still need to push this optionally-closed tag to
+                                                       # the tag stack so that we can match end tags
+                                                       # instead of marking them as bad.
+                                                       array_push( $tagstack, $t );
+                                               } elseif ( isset( $tabletags[$t] ) && in_array( $t, $tagstack ) ) {
                                                        // New table tag but forgot to close the previous one
                                                        $text .= "</$t>";
                                                } else {
                                                        if ( $t == 'table' ) {
                                                                array_push( $tablestack, $tagstack );
-                                                               $tagstack = array();
+                                                               $tagstack = [];
                                                        }
                                                        array_push( $tagstack, $t );
                                                }
 
                                                # Replace any variables or template parameters with
                                                # plaintext results.
-                                               if( is_callable( $processCallback ) ) {
-                                                       call_user_func_array( $processCallback, array( &$params, $args ) );
+                                               if ( is_callable( $processCallback ) ) {
+                                                       call_user_func_array( $processCallback, [ &$params, $args ] );
+                                               }
+
+                                               if ( !self::validateTag( $params, $t ) ) {
+                                                       $badtag = true;
                                                }
 
                                                # Strip non-approved attributes from the tag
-                                               $newparams = Sanitizer::fixTagAttributes( $params, $t );
+                                               $newparams = self::fixTagAttributes( $params, $t );
                                        }
                                        if ( !$badtag ) {
                                                $rest = str_replace( '>', '&gt;', $rest );
@@ -518,32 +612,60 @@ class Sanitizer {
                                                continue;
                                        }
                                }
-                               $text .= '&lt;' . str_replace( '>', '&gt;', $x);
+                               $text .= '&lt;' . str_replace( '>', '&gt;', $x );
                        }
                        # Close off any remaining tags
-                       while ( is_array( $tagstack ) && ($t = array_pop( $tagstack )) ) {
+                       while ( is_array( $tagstack ) && ( $t = array_pop( $tagstack ) ) ) {
                                $text .= "</$t>\n";
-                               if ( $t == 'table' ) { $tagstack = array_pop( $tablestack ); }
+                               if ( $t == 'table' ) {
+                                       $tagstack = array_pop( $tablestack );
+                               }
                        }
                } else {
                        # this might be possible using tidy itself
                        foreach ( $bits as $x ) {
-                               preg_match( '/^(\\/?)(\\w+)([^>]*?)(\\/{0,1}>)([^<]*)$/',
-                               $x, $regs );
-                               @list( /* $qbar */, $slash, $t, $params, $brace, $rest ) = $regs;
-                               if ( isset( $htmlelements[$t = strtolower( $t )] ) ) {
-                                       if( is_callable( $processCallback ) ) {
-                                               call_user_func_array( $processCallback, array( &$params, $args ) );
+                               if ( preg_match( self::ELEMENT_BITS_REGEX, $x, $regs ) ) {
+                                       list( /* $qbar */, $slash, $t, $params, $brace, $rest ) = $regs;
+
+                                       $badtag = false;
+                                       $t = strtolower( $t );
+                                       if ( isset( $htmlelements[$t] ) ) {
+                                               if ( is_callable( $processCallback ) ) {
+                                                       call_user_func_array( $processCallback, [ &$params, $args ] );
+                                               }
+
+                                               if ( $brace == '/>' && !( isset( $htmlsingle[$t] ) || isset( $htmlsingleonly[$t] ) ) ) {
+                                                       // Eventually we'll just remove the self-closing
+                                                       // slash, in order to be consistent with HTML5
+                                                       // semantics.
+                                                       // $brace = '>';
+                                                       // For now, let's just warn authors to clean up.
+                                                       if ( is_callable( $warnCallback ) ) {
+                                                               call_user_func_array( $warnCallback, [ 'deprecated-self-close-category' ] );
+                                                       }
+                                               }
+                                               if ( !self::validateTag( $params, $t ) ) {
+                                                       $badtag = true;
+                                               }
+
+                                               $newparams = self::fixTagAttributes( $params, $t );
+                                               if ( !$badtag ) {
+                                                       if ( $brace === '/>' && !isset( $htmlsingleonly[$t] ) ) {
+                                                               # Interpret self-closing tags as empty tags even when
+                                                               # HTML 5 would interpret them as start tags. Such input
+                                                               # is commonly seen on Wikimedia wikis with this intention.
+                                                               $brace = "></$t>";
+                                                       }
+
+                                                       $rest = str_replace( '>', '&gt;', $rest );
+                                                       $text .= "<$slash$t$newparams$brace$rest";
+                                                       continue;
+                                               }
                                        }
-                                       $newparams = Sanitizer::fixTagAttributes( $params, $t );
-                                       $rest = str_replace( '>', '&gt;', $rest );
-                                       $text .= "<$slash$t$newparams$brace$rest";
-                               } else {
-                                       $text .= '&lt;' . str_replace( '>', '&gt;', $x);
                                }
+                               $text .= '&lt;' . str_replace( '>', '&gt;', $x );
                        }
                }
-               wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
                return $text;
        }
 
@@ -553,15 +675,13 @@ class Sanitizer {
         * and followed by a newline (ignoring spaces), trim leading and
         * trailing spaces and one of the newlines.
         *
-        * @private
-        * @param $text String
+        * @param string $text
         * @return string
         */
-       static function removeHTMLcomments( $text ) {
-               wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );
-               while (($start = strpos($text, '<!--')) !== false) {
-                       $end = strpos($text, '-->', $start + 4);
-                       if ($end === false) {
+       public static function removeHTMLcomments( $text ) {
+               while ( ( $start = strpos( $text, '<!--' ) ) !== false ) {
+                       $end = strpos( $text, '-->', $start + 4 );
+                       if ( $end === false ) {
                                # Unterminated comment; bail out
                                break;
                        }
@@ -570,114 +690,167 @@ class Sanitizer {
 
                        # Trim space and newline if the comment is both
                        # preceded and followed by a newline
-                       $spaceStart = max($start - 1, 0);
+                       $spaceStart = max( $start - 1, 0 );
                        $spaceLen = $end - $spaceStart;
-                       while (substr($text, $spaceStart, 1) === ' ' && $spaceStart > 0) {
+                       while ( substr( $text, $spaceStart, 1 ) === ' ' && $spaceStart > 0 ) {
                                $spaceStart--;
                                $spaceLen++;
                        }
-                       while (substr($text, $spaceStart + $spaceLen, 1) === ' ')
+                       while ( substr( $text, $spaceStart + $spaceLen, 1 ) === ' ' ) {
                                $spaceLen++;
-                       if (substr($text, $spaceStart, 1) === "\n" and substr($text, $spaceStart + $spaceLen, 1) === "\n") {
+                       }
+                       if ( substr( $text, $spaceStart, 1 ) === "\n"
+                               && substr( $text, $spaceStart + $spaceLen, 1 ) === "\n" ) {
                                # Remove the comment, leading and trailing
                                # spaces, and leave only one newline.
-                               $text = substr_replace($text, "\n", $spaceStart, $spaceLen + 1);
-                       }
-                       else {
+                               $text = substr_replace( $text, "\n", $spaceStart, $spaceLen + 1 );
+                       } else {
                                # Remove just the comment.
-                               $text = substr_replace($text, '', $start, $end - $start);
+                               $text = substr_replace( $text, '', $start, $end - $start );
                        }
                }
-               wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
                return $text;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Takes attribute names and values for a tag and the tag name and
+        * validates that the tag is allowed to be present.
+        * This DOES NOT validate the attributes, nor does it validate the
+        * tags themselves. This method only handles the special circumstances
+        * where we may want to allow a tag within content but ONLY when it has
+        * specific attributes set.
+        *
+        * @param string $params
+        * @param string $element
+        * @return bool
+        */
+       static function validateTag( $params, $element ) {
+               $params = self::decodeTagAttributes( $params );
+
+               if ( $element == 'meta' || $element == 'link' ) {
+                       if ( !isset( $params['itemprop'] ) ) {
+                               // <meta> and <link> must have an itemprop="" otherwise they are not valid or safe in content
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       if ( $element == 'meta' && !isset( $params['content'] ) ) {
+                               // <meta> must have a content="" for the itemprop
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       if ( $element == 'link' && !isset( $params['href'] ) ) {
+                               // <link> must have an associated href=""
+                               return false;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
        /**
         * Take an array of attribute names and values and normalize or discard
         * illegal values for the given element type.
         *
         * - Discards attributes not on a whitelist for the given element
         * - Unsafe style attributes are discarded
-        * - Invalid id attributes are reencoded
+        * - Invalid id attributes are re-encoded
         *
-        * @param $attribs Array
-        * @param $element String
-        * @return Array
+        * @param array $attribs
+        * @param string $element
+        * @return array
         *
         * @todo Check for legal values where the DTD limits things.
         * @todo Check for unique id attribute :P
         */
        static function validateTagAttributes( $attribs, $element ) {
-               return Sanitizer::validateAttributes( $attribs,
-                       Sanitizer::attributeWhitelist( $element ) );
+               return self::validateAttributes( $attribs,
+                       self::attributeWhitelist( $element ) );
        }
 
        /**
         * Take an array of attribute names and values and normalize or discard
         * illegal values for the given whitelist.
         *
-        * - Discards attributes not the given whitelist
+        * - Discards attributes not on the given whitelist
         * - Unsafe style attributes are discarded
-        * - Invalid id attributes are reencoded
+        * - Invalid id attributes are re-encoded
         *
-        * @param $attribs Array
-        * @param $whitelist Array: list of allowed attribute names
-        * @return Array
+        * @param array $attribs
+        * @param array $whitelist List of allowed attribute names
+        * @return array
         *
         * @todo Check for legal values where the DTD limits things.
         * @todo Check for unique id attribute :P
         */
        static function validateAttributes( $attribs, $whitelist ) {
-               global $wgAllowRdfaAttributes, $wgAllowMicrodataAttributes, $wgHtml5;
-
                $whitelist = array_flip( $whitelist );
                $hrefExp = '/^(' . wfUrlProtocols() . ')[^\s]+$/';
 
-               $out = array();
-               foreach( $attribs as $attribute => $value ) {
-                       #allow XML namespace declaration if RDFa is enabled
-                       if ( $wgAllowRdfaAttributes && preg_match( MW_XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE_PATTRN, $attribute ) ) {
-                               if ( !preg_match( MW_EVIL_URI_PATTERN, $value ) ) {
+               $out = [];
+               foreach ( $attribs as $attribute => $value ) {
+                       # Allow XML namespace declaration to allow RDFa
+                       if ( preg_match( self::XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN, $attribute ) ) {
+                               if ( !preg_match( self::EVIL_URI_PATTERN, $value ) ) {
                                        $out[$attribute] = $value;
                                }
 
                                continue;
                        }
 
-                       # Allow any attribute beginning with "data-", if in HTML5 mode
-                       if ( !($wgHtml5 && preg_match( '/^data-/i', $attribute )) && !isset( $whitelist[$attribute] ) ) {
+                       # Allow any attribute beginning with "data-"
+                       # However:
+                       # * Disallow data attributes used by MediaWiki code
+                       # * Ensure that the attribute is not namespaced by banning
+                       #   colons.
+                       if ( !preg_match( '/^data-[^:]*$/i', $attribute )
+                               && !isset( $whitelist[$attribute] )
+                               || self::isReservedDataAttribute( $attribute )
+                       ) {
                                continue;
                        }
 
                        # Strip javascript "expression" from stylesheets.
-                       # http://msdn.microsoft.com/workshop/author/dhtml/overview/recalc.asp
-                       if( $attribute == 'style' ) {
-                               $value = Sanitizer::checkCss( $value );
+                       # https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms537634.aspx
+                       if ( $attribute == 'style' ) {
+                               $value = self::checkCss( $value );
                        }
 
+                       # Escape HTML id attributes
                        if ( $attribute === 'id' ) {
-                               $value = Sanitizer::escapeId( $value, 'noninitial' );
+                               $value = self::escapeIdForAttribute( $value, self::ID_PRIMARY );
                        }
 
-                       //RDFa and microdata properties allow URLs, URIs and/or CURIs. check them for sanity
-                       if ( $attribute === 'rel' || $attribute === 'rev' || 
-                               $attribute === 'about' || $attribute === 'property' || $attribute === 'resource' || #RDFa
-                               $attribute === 'datatype' || $attribute === 'typeof' ||                             #RDFa
-                               $attribute === 'itemid' || $attribute === 'itemprop' || $attribute === 'itemref' || #HTML5 microdata
-                               $attribute === 'itemscope' || $attribute === 'itemtype' ) {                         #HTML5 microdata
+                       # Escape HTML id reference lists
+                       if ( $attribute === 'aria-describedby'
+                               || $attribute === 'aria-flowto'
+                               || $attribute === 'aria-labelledby'
+                               || $attribute === 'aria-owns'
+                       ) {
+                               $value = self::escapeIdReferenceList( $value, 'noninitial' );
+                       }
 
-                               //Paranoia. Allow "simple" values but suppress javascript
-                               if ( preg_match( MW_EVIL_URI_PATTERN, $value ) ) {
-                                       continue; 
+                       // RDFa and microdata properties allow URLs, URIs and/or CURIs.
+                       // Check them for sanity.
+                       if ( $attribute === 'rel' || $attribute === 'rev'
+                               # RDFa
+                               || $attribute === 'about' || $attribute === 'property'
+                               || $attribute === 'resource' || $attribute === 'datatype'
+                               || $attribute === 'typeof'
+                               # HTML5 microdata
+                               || $attribute === 'itemid' || $attribute === 'itemprop'
+                               || $attribute === 'itemref' || $attribute === 'itemscope'
+                               || $attribute === 'itemtype'
+                       ) {
+                               // Paranoia. Allow "simple" values but suppress javascript
+                               if ( preg_match( self::EVIL_URI_PATTERN, $value ) ) {
+                                       continue;
                                }
                        }
 
                        # NOTE: even though elements using href/src are not allowed directly, supply
                        #       validation code that can be used by tag hook handlers, etc
-                       if ( $attribute === 'href' || $attribute === 'src' ) {
+                       if ( $attribute === 'href' || $attribute === 'src' || $attribute === 'poster' ) {
                                if ( !preg_match( $hrefExp, $value ) ) {
-                                       continue; //drop any href or src attributes not using an allowed protocol.
-                                                 //NOTE: this also drops all relative URLs
+                                       continue; // drop any href or src attributes not using an allowed protocol.
+                                       // NOTE: this also drops all relative URLs
                                }
                        }
 
@@ -686,46 +859,51 @@ class Sanitizer {
                        $out[$attribute] = $value;
                }
 
-               if ( $wgAllowMicrodataAttributes ) {
-                       # There are some complicated validity constraints we need to
-                       # enforce here.  First of all, we don't want to allow non-standard
-                       # itemtypes.
-                       $allowedTypes = array(
-                               'http://microformats.org/profile/hcard',
-                               'http://microformats.org/profile/hcalendar#vevent',
-                               'http://n.whatwg.org/work',
-                       );
-                       if ( isset( $out['itemtype'] ) && !in_array( $out['itemtype'],
-                       $allowedTypes ) ) {
-                               # Kill everything
-                               unset( $out['itemscope'] );
-                       }
-                       # itemtype, itemid, itemref don't make sense without itemscope
-                       if ( !array_key_exists( 'itemscope', $out ) ) {
-                               unset( $out['itemtype'] );
-                               unset( $out['itemid'] );
-                               unset( $out['itemref'] );
-                       }
-                       # TODO: Strip itemprop if we aren't descendants of an itemscope.
+               # itemtype, itemid, itemref don't make sense without itemscope
+               if ( !array_key_exists( 'itemscope', $out ) ) {
+                       unset( $out['itemtype'] );
+                       unset( $out['itemid'] );
+                       unset( $out['itemref'] );
                }
+               # TODO: Strip itemprop if we aren't descendants of an itemscope or pointed to by an itemref.
+
                return $out;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Given an attribute name, checks whether it is a reserved data attribute
+        * (such as data-mw-foo) which is unavailable to user-generated HTML so MediaWiki
+        * core and extension code can safely use it to communicate with frontend code.
+        * @param string $attr Attribute name.
+        * @return bool
+        */
+       public static function isReservedDataAttribute( $attr ) {
+               // data-ooui is reserved for ooui.
+               // data-mw and data-parsoid are reserved for parsoid.
+               // data-mw-<name here> is reserved for extensions (or core) if
+               // they need to communicate some data to the client and want to be
+               // sure that it isn't coming from an untrusted user.
+               // We ignore the possibility of namespaces since user-generated HTML
+               // can't use them anymore.
+               return (bool)preg_match( '/^data-(ooui|mw|parsoid)/i', $attr );
+       }
+
        /**
         * Merge two sets of HTML attributes.  Conflicting items in the second set
         * will override those in the first, except for 'class' attributes which
         * will be combined (if they're both strings).
         *
         * @todo implement merging for other attributes such as style
-        * @param $a Array
-        * @param $b Array
+        * @param array $a
+        * @param array $b
         * @return array
         */
        static function mergeAttributes( $a, $b ) {
                $out = array_merge( $a, $b );
-               if( isset( $a['class'] ) && isset( $b['class'] )
-               && is_string( $a['class'] ) && is_string( $b['class'] )
-               && $a['class'] !== $b['class'] ) {
+               if ( isset( $a['class'] ) && isset( $b['class'] )
+                       && is_string( $a['class'] ) && is_string( $b['class'] )
+                       && $a['class'] !== $b['class']
+               ) {
                        $classes = preg_split( '/\s+/', "{$a['class']} {$b['class']}",
                                -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );
                        $out['class'] = implode( ' ', array_unique( $classes ) );
@@ -734,25 +912,17 @@ class Sanitizer {
        }
 
        /**
-        * Pick apart some CSS and check it for forbidden or unsafe structures.
-        * Returns a sanitized string. This sanitized string will have
-        * character references and escape sequences decoded, and comments
-        * stripped. If the input is just too evil, only a comment complaining
-        * about evilness will be returned.
-        *
-        * Currently URL references, 'expression', 'tps' are forbidden.
-        *
-        * NOTE: Despite the fact that character references are decoded, the
-        * returned string may contain character references given certain
-        * clever input strings. These character references must
-        * be escaped before the return value is embedded in HTML.
-        * 
-        * @param $value String
-        * @return String
+        * Normalize CSS into a format we can easily search for hostile input
+        *  - decode character references
+        *  - decode escape sequences
+        *  - convert characters that IE6 interprets into ascii
+        *  - remove comments, unless the entire value is one single comment
+        * @param string $value the css string
+        * @return string normalized css
         */
-       static function checkCss( $value ) {
+       public static function normalizeCss( $value ) {
                // Decode character references like &#123;
-               $value = Sanitizer::decodeCharReferences( $value );
+               $value = self::decodeCharReferences( $value );
 
                // Decode escape sequences and line continuation
                // See the grammar in the CSS 2 spec, appendix D.
@@ -768,7 +938,7 @@ class Sanitizer {
                        $space = '[\\x20\\t\\r\\n\\f]';
                        $nl = '(?:\\n|\\r\\n|\\r|\\f)';
                        $backslash = '\\\\';
-                       $decodeRegex = "/ $backslash 
+                       $decodeRegex = "/ $backslash
                                (?:
                                        ($nl) |  # 1. Line continuation
                                        ([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6})$space? |  # 2. character number
@@ -777,38 +947,121 @@ class Sanitizer {
                                )/xu";
                }
                $value = preg_replace_callback( $decodeRegex,
-                       array( __CLASS__, 'cssDecodeCallback' ), $value );
-               
-               // Remove any comments; IE gets token splitting wrong
-               // This must be done AFTER decoding character references and
-               // escape sequences, because those steps can introduce comments
-               // This step cannot introduce character references or escape
-               // sequences, because it replaces comments with spaces rather
-               // than removing them completely.
-               $value = StringUtils::delimiterReplace( '/*', '*/', ' ', $value );
-
-               // Remove anything after a comment-start token, to guard against
-               // incorrect client implementations.
-               $commentPos = strpos( $value, '/*' );
-               if ( $commentPos !== false ) {
-                       $value = substr( $value, 0, $commentPos );
+                       [ __CLASS__, 'cssDecodeCallback' ], $value );
+
+               // Normalize Halfwidth and Fullwidth Unicode block that IE6 might treat as ascii
+               $value = preg_replace_callback(
+                       '/[!-[]-z]/u', // U+FF01 to U+FF5A, excluding U+FF3C (T60088)
+                       function ( $matches ) {
+                               $cp = UtfNormal\Utils::utf8ToCodepoint( $matches[0] );
+                               if ( $cp === false ) {
+                                       return '';
+                               }
+                               return chr( $cp - 65248 ); // ASCII range \x21-\x7A
+                       },
+                       $value
+               );
+
+               // Convert more characters IE6 might treat as ascii
+               // U+0280, U+0274, U+207F, U+029F, U+026A, U+207D, U+208D
+               $value = str_replace(
+                       [ 'ʀ', 'ɴ', 'ⁿ', 'ʟ', 'ɪ', '⁽', '₍' ],
+                       [ 'r', 'n', 'n', 'l', 'i', '(', '(' ],
+                       $value
+               );
+
+               // Let the value through if it's nothing but a single comment, to
+               // allow other functions which may reject it to pass some error
+               // message through.
+               if ( !preg_match( '! ^ \s* /\* [^*\\/]* \*/ \s* $ !x', $value ) ) {
+                       // Remove any comments; IE gets token splitting wrong
+                       // This must be done AFTER decoding character references and
+                       // escape sequences, because those steps can introduce comments
+                       // This step cannot introduce character references or escape
+                       // sequences, because it replaces comments with spaces rather
+                       // than removing them completely.
+                       $value = StringUtils::delimiterReplace( '/*', '*/', ' ', $value );
+
+                       // Remove anything after a comment-start token, to guard against
+                       // incorrect client implementations.
+                       $commentPos = strpos( $value, '/*' );
+                       if ( $commentPos !== false ) {
+                               $value = substr( $value, 0, $commentPos );
+                       }
                }
 
+               // S followed by repeat, iteration, or prolonged sound marks,
+               // which IE will treat as "ss"
+               $value = preg_replace(
+                       '/s(?:
+                               \xE3\x80\xB1 | # U+3031
+                               \xE3\x82\x9D | # U+309D
+                               \xE3\x83\xBC | # U+30FC
+                               \xE3\x83\xBD | # U+30FD
+                               \xEF\xB9\xBC | # U+FE7C
+                               \xEF\xB9\xBD | # U+FE7D
+                               \xEF\xBD\xB0   # U+FF70
+                       )/ix',
+                       'ss',
+                       $value
+               );
+
+               return $value;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Pick apart some CSS and check it for forbidden or unsafe structures.
+        * Returns a sanitized string. This sanitized string will have
+        * character references and escape sequences decoded and comments
+        * stripped (unless it is itself one valid comment, in which case the value
+        * will be passed through). If the input is just too evil, only a comment
+        * complaining about evilness will be returned.
+        *
+        * Currently URL references, 'expression', 'tps' are forbidden.
+        *
+        * NOTE: Despite the fact that character references are decoded, the
+        * returned string may contain character references given certain
+        * clever input strings. These character references must
+        * be escaped before the return value is embedded in HTML.
+        *
+        * @param string $value
+        * @return string
+        */
+       static function checkCss( $value ) {
+               $value = self::normalizeCss( $value );
+
                // Reject problematic keywords and control characters
-               if ( preg_match( '/[\000-\010\016-\037\177]/', $value ) ) {
+               if ( preg_match( '/[\000-\010\013\016-\037\177]/', $value ) ||
+                       strpos( $value, UtfNormal\Constants::UTF8_REPLACEMENT ) !== false ) {
                        return '/* invalid control char */';
-               } elseif ( preg_match( '! expression | filter\s*: | accelerator\s*: | url\s*\( !ix', $value ) ) {
+               } elseif ( preg_match(
+                       '! expression
+                               | filter\s*:
+                               | accelerator\s*:
+                               | -o-link\s*:
+                               | -o-link-source\s*:
+                               | -o-replace\s*:
+                               | url\s*\(
+                               | image\s*\(
+                               | image-set\s*\(
+                               | attr\s*\([^)]+[\s,]+url
+                               | var\s*\(
+                       !ix', $value ) ) {
                        return '/* insecure input */';
                }
                return $value;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * @param array $matches
+        * @return string
+        */
        static function cssDecodeCallback( $matches ) {
                if ( $matches[1] !== '' ) {
                        // Line continuation
                        return '';
                } elseif ( $matches[2] !== '' ) {
-                       $char = codepointToUtf8( hexdec( $matches[2] ) );
+                       $char = UtfNormal\Utils::codepointToUtf8( hexdec( $matches[2] ) );
                } elseif ( $matches[3] !== '' ) {
                        $char = $matches[3];
                } else {
@@ -838,33 +1091,32 @@ class Sanitizer {
         * - Double attributes are discarded
         * - Unsafe style attributes are discarded
         * - Prepends space if there are attributes.
+        * - (Optionally) Sorts attributes by name.
         *
-        * @param $text String
-        * @param $element String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $text
+        * @param string $element
+        * @param bool $sorted Whether to sort the attributes (default: false)
+        * @return string
         */
-       static function fixTagAttributes( $text, $element ) {
-               if( trim( $text ) == '' ) {
+       static function fixTagAttributes( $text, $element, $sorted = false ) {
+               if ( trim( $text ) == '' ) {
                        return '';
                }
 
-               $stripped = Sanitizer::validateTagAttributes(
-                       Sanitizer::decodeTagAttributes( $text ), $element );
+               $decoded = self::decodeTagAttributes( $text );
+               $stripped = self::validateTagAttributes( $decoded, $element );
 
-               $attribs = array();
-               foreach( $stripped as $attribute => $value ) {
-                       $encAttribute = htmlspecialchars( $attribute );
-                       $encValue = Sanitizer::safeEncodeAttribute( $value );
-
-                       $attribs[] = "$encAttribute=\"$encValue\"";
+               if ( $sorted ) {
+                       ksort( $stripped );
                }
-               return count( $attribs ) ? ' ' . implode( ' ', $attribs ) : '';
+
+               return self::safeEncodeTagAttributes( $stripped );
        }
 
        /**
         * Encode an attribute value for HTML output.
-        * @param $text String
-        * @return HTML-encoded text fragment
+        * @param string $text
+        * @return string HTML-encoded text fragment
         */
        static function encodeAttribute( $text ) {
                $encValue = htmlspecialchars( $text, ENT_QUOTES );
@@ -872,11 +1124,11 @@ class Sanitizer {
                // Whitespace is normalized during attribute decoding,
                // so if we've been passed non-spaces we must encode them
                // ahead of time or they won't be preserved.
-               $encValue = strtr( $encValue, array(
+               $encValue = strtr( $encValue, [
                        "\n" => '&#10;',
                        "\r" => '&#13;',
                        "\t" => '&#9;',
-               ) );
+               ] );
 
                return $encValue;
        }
@@ -884,19 +1136,20 @@ class Sanitizer {
        /**
         * Encode an attribute value for HTML tags, with extra armoring
         * against further wiki processing.
-        * @param $text String
-        * @return HTML-encoded text fragment
+        * @param string $text
+        * @return string HTML-encoded text fragment
         */
        static function safeEncodeAttribute( $text ) {
-               $encValue = Sanitizer::encodeAttribute( $text );
+               $encValue = self::encodeAttribute( $text );
 
                # Templates and links may be expanded in later parsing,
                # creating invalid or dangerous output. Suppress this.
-               $encValue = strtr( $encValue, array(
+               $encValue = strtr( $encValue, [
                        '<'    => '&lt;',   // This should never happen,
                        '>'    => '&gt;',   // we've received invalid input
                        '"'    => '&quot;', // which should have been escaped.
                        '{'    => '&#123;',
+                       '}'    => '&#125;', // prevent unpaired language conversion syntax
                        '['    => '&#91;',
                        "''"   => '&#39;&#39;',
                        'ISBN' => '&#73;SBN',
@@ -904,12 +1157,12 @@ class Sanitizer {
                        'PMID' => '&#80;MID',
                        '|'    => '&#124;',
                        '__'   => '&#95;_',
-               ) );
+               ] );
 
                # Stupid hack
                $encValue = preg_replace_callback(
-                       '/(' . wfUrlProtocols() . ')/',
-                       array( 'Sanitizer', 'armorLinksCallback' ),
+                       '/((?i)' . wfUrlProtocols() . ')/',
+                       [ 'Sanitizer', 'armorLinksCallback' ],
                        $encValue );
                return $encValue;
        }
@@ -927,15 +1180,17 @@ class Sanitizer {
         * ambiguous if it's part of something that looks like a percent escape
         * (which don't work reliably in fragments cross-browser).
         *
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/types.html#type-name Valid characters
-        *                                                          in the id and
-        *                                                          name attributes
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/struct/links.html#h-12.2.3 Anchors with the id attribute
-        * @see http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/elements.html#the-id-attribute
+        * @deprecated since 1.30, use one of this class' escapeIdFor*() functions
+        *
+        * @see https://www.w3.org/TR/html401/types.html#type-name Valid characters
+        *   in the id and name attributes
+        * @see https://www.w3.org/TR/html401/struct/links.html#h-12.2.3 Anchors with
+        *   the id attribute
+        * @see https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/dom.html#the-id-attribute
         *   HTML5 definition of id attribute
         *
-        * @param $id String: id to escape
-        * @param $options Mixed: string or array of strings (default is array()):
+        * @param string $id Id to escape
+        * @param string|array $options String or array of strings (default is array()):
         *   'noninitial': This is a non-initial fragment of an id, not a full id,
         *       so don't pay attention if the first character isn't valid at the
         *       beginning of an id.  Only matters if $wgExperimentalHtmlIds is
@@ -943,78 +1198,215 @@ class Sanitizer {
         *   'legacy': Behave the way the old HTML 4-based ID escaping worked even
         *       if $wgExperimentalHtmlIds is used, so we can generate extra
         *       anchors and links won't break.
-        * @return String
+        * @return string
         */
-       static function escapeId( $id, $options = array() ) {
-               global $wgHtml5, $wgExperimentalHtmlIds;
+       static function escapeId( $id, $options = [] ) {
+               global $wgExperimentalHtmlIds;
                $options = (array)$options;
 
-               if ( $wgHtml5 && $wgExperimentalHtmlIds && !in_array( 'legacy', $options ) ) {
-                       $id = Sanitizer::decodeCharReferences( $id );
+               if ( $wgExperimentalHtmlIds && !in_array( 'legacy', $options ) ) {
                        $id = preg_replace( '/[ \t\n\r\f_\'"&#%]+/', '_', $id );
                        $id = trim( $id, '_' );
                        if ( $id === '' ) {
-                               # Must have been all whitespace to start with.
+                               // Must have been all whitespace to start with.
                                return '_';
                        } else {
                                return $id;
                        }
                }
 
-               # HTML4-style escaping
-               static $replace = array(
+               // HTML4-style escaping
+               static $replace = [
                        '%3A' => ':',
                        '%' => '.'
-               );
+               ];
 
-               $id = urlencode( Sanitizer::decodeCharReferences( strtr( $id, ' ', '_' ) ) );
-               $id = str_replace( array_keys( $replace ), array_values( $replace ), $id );
+               $id = urlencode( strtr( $id, ' ', '_' ) );
+               $id = strtr( $id, $replace );
 
-               if ( !preg_match( '/^[a-zA-Z]/', $id )
-               && !in_array( 'noninitial', $options ) )  {
+               if ( !preg_match( '/^[a-zA-Z]/', $id ) && !in_array( 'noninitial', $options ) ) {
                        // Initial character must be a letter!
                        $id = "x$id";
                }
                return $id;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Given a section name or other user-generated or otherwise unsafe string, escapes it to be
+        * a valid HTML id attribute.
+        *
+        * WARNING: unlike escapeId(), the output of this function is not guaranteed to be HTML safe,
+        * be sure to use proper escaping.
+        *
+        * @param string $id String to escape
+        * @param int $mode One of ID_* constants, specifying whether the primary or fallback encoding
+        *     should be used.
+        * @return string|bool Escaped ID or false if fallback encoding is requested but it's not
+        *     configured.
+        *
+        * @since 1.30
+        */
+       public static function escapeIdForAttribute( $id, $mode = self::ID_PRIMARY ) {
+               global $wgFragmentMode;
+
+               if ( !isset( $wgFragmentMode[$mode] ) ) {
+                       if ( $mode === self::ID_PRIMARY ) {
+                               throw new UnexpectedValueException( '$wgFragmentMode is configured with no primary mode' );
+                       }
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               $internalMode = $wgFragmentMode[$mode];
+
+               return self::escapeIdInternal( $id, $internalMode );
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Given a section name or other user-generated or otherwise unsafe string, escapes it to be
+        * a valid URL fragment.
+        *
+        * WARNING: unlike escapeId(), the output of this function is not guaranteed to be HTML safe,
+        * be sure to use proper escaping.
+        *
+        * @param string $id String to escape
+        * @return string Escaped ID
+        *
+        * @since 1.30
+        */
+       public static function escapeIdForLink( $id ) {
+               global $wgFragmentMode;
+
+               if ( !isset( $wgFragmentMode[self::ID_PRIMARY] ) ) {
+                       throw new UnexpectedValueException( '$wgFragmentMode is configured with no primary mode' );
+               }
+
+               $mode = $wgFragmentMode[self::ID_PRIMARY];
+
+               $id = self::escapeIdInternal( $id, $mode );
+
+               return $id;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Given a section name or other user-generated or otherwise unsafe string, escapes it to be
+        * a valid URL fragment for external interwikis.
+        *
+        * @param string $id String to escape
+        * @return string Escaped ID
+        *
+        * @since 1.30
+        */
+       public static function escapeIdForExternalInterwiki( $id ) {
+               global $wgExternalInterwikiFragmentMode;
+
+               $id = self::escapeIdInternal( $id, $wgExternalInterwikiFragmentMode );
+
+               return $id;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Helper for escapeIdFor*() functions. Performs most of the actual escaping.
+        *
+        * @param string $id String to escape
+        * @param string $mode One of modes from $wgFragmentMode
+        * @return string
+        */
+       private static function escapeIdInternal( $id, $mode ) {
+               switch ( $mode ) {
+                       case 'html5':
+                               $id = str_replace( ' ', '_', $id );
+                               break;
+                       case 'legacy':
+                               // This corresponds to 'noninitial' mode of the old escapeId()
+                               static $replace = [
+                                       '%3A' => ':',
+                                       '%' => '.'
+                               ];
+
+                               $id = urlencode( str_replace( ' ', '_', $id ) );
+                               $id = strtr( $id, $replace );
+                               break;
+                       case 'html5-legacy':
+                               $id = preg_replace( '/[ \t\n\r\f_\'"&#%]+/', '_', $id );
+                               $id = trim( $id, '_' );
+                               if ( $id === '' ) {
+                                       // Must have been all whitespace to start with.
+                                       $id = '_';
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               throw new InvalidArgumentException( "Invalid mode '$mode' passed to '" . __METHOD__ );
+               }
+
+               return $id;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Given a string containing a space delimited list of ids, escape each id
+        * to match ids escaped by the escapeId() function.
+        *
+        * @todo wfDeprecated() uses of $options in 1.31, remove completely in 1.32
+        *
+        * @since 1.27
+        *
+        * @param string $referenceString Space delimited list of ids
+        * @param string|array $options Deprecated and does nothing.
+        * @return string
+        */
+       static function escapeIdReferenceList( $referenceString, $options = [] ) {
+               # Explode the space delimited list string into an array of tokens
+               $references = preg_split( '/\s+/', "{$referenceString}", -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );
+
+               # Escape each token as an id
+               foreach ( $references as &$ref ) {
+                       $ref = self::escapeIdForAttribute( $ref );
+               }
+
+               # Merge the array back to a space delimited list string
+               # If the array is empty, the result will be an empty string ('')
+               $referenceString = implode( ' ', $references );
+
+               return $referenceString;
+       }
+
        /**
         * Given a value, escape it so that it can be used as a CSS class and
         * return it.
         *
         * @todo For extra validity, input should be validated UTF-8.
         *
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html Valid characters/format
+        * @see https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html Valid characters/format
         *
-        * @param $class String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $class
+        * @return string
         */
        static function escapeClass( $class ) {
                // Convert ugly stuff to underscores and kill underscores in ugly places
-               return rtrim(preg_replace(
-                       array('/(^[0-9\\-])|[\\x00-\\x20!"#$%&\'()*+,.\\/:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~]|\\xC2\\xA0/','/_+/'),
+               return rtrim( preg_replace(
+                       [ '/(^[0-9\\-])|[\\x00-\\x20!"#$%&\'()*+,.\\/:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~]|\\xC2\\xA0/', '/_+/' ],
                        '_',
-                       $class ), '_');
+                       $class ), '_' );
        }
 
        /**
-        * Given HTML input, escape with htmlspecialchars but un-escape entites.
+        * Given HTML input, escape with htmlspecialchars but un-escape entities.
         * This allows (generally harmless) entities like &#160; to survive.
         *
-        * @param $html String to escape
-        * @return String: escaped input
+        * @param string $html HTML to escape
+        * @return string Escaped input
         */
        static function escapeHtmlAllowEntities( $html ) {
-               $html = Sanitizer::decodeCharReferences( $html );
+               $html = self::decodeCharReferences( $html );
                # It seems wise to escape ' as well as ", as a matter of course.  Can't
-               # hurt.
-               $html = htmlspecialchars( $html, ENT_QUOTES );
+               # hurt. Use ENT_SUBSTITUTE so that incorrectly truncated multibyte characters
+               # don't cause the entire string to disappear.
+               $html = htmlspecialchars( $html, ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE );
                return $html;
        }
 
        /**
         * Regex replace callback for armoring links against further processing.
-        * @param $matches Array
+        * @param array $matches
         * @return string
         */
        private static function armorLinksCallback( $matches ) {
@@ -1023,87 +1415,91 @@ class Sanitizer {
 
        /**
         * Return an associative array of attribute names and values from
-        * a partial tag string. Attribute names are forces to lowercase,
+        * a partial tag string. Attribute names are forced to lowercase,
         * character references are decoded to UTF-8 text.
         *
-        * @param $text String
-        * @return Array
+        * @param string $text
+        * @return array
         */
        public static function decodeTagAttributes( $text ) {
-               if( trim( $text ) == '' ) {
-                       return array();
+               if ( trim( $text ) == '' ) {
+                       return [];
                }
 
-               $attribs = array();
-               $pairs = array();
-               if( !preg_match_all(
-                       MW_ATTRIBS_REGEX,
+               $attribs = [];
+               $pairs = [];
+               if ( !preg_match_all(
+                       self::getAttribsRegex(),
                        $text,
                        $pairs,
                        PREG_SET_ORDER ) ) {
                        return $attribs;
                }
 
-               foreach( $pairs as $set ) {
+               foreach ( $pairs as $set ) {
                        $attribute = strtolower( $set[1] );
-                       $value = Sanitizer::getTagAttributeCallback( $set );
+                       $value = self::getTagAttributeCallback( $set );
 
                        // Normalize whitespace
                        $value = preg_replace( '/[\t\r\n ]+/', ' ', $value );
                        $value = trim( $value );
 
                        // Decode character references
-                       $attribs[$attribute] = Sanitizer::decodeCharReferences( $value );
+                       $attribs[$attribute] = self::decodeCharReferences( $value );
                }
                return $attribs;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Build a partial tag string from an associative array of attribute
+        * names and values as returned by decodeTagAttributes.
+        *
+        * @param array $assoc_array
+        * @return string
+        */
+       public static function safeEncodeTagAttributes( $assoc_array ) {
+               $attribs = [];
+               foreach ( $assoc_array as $attribute => $value ) {
+                       $encAttribute = htmlspecialchars( $attribute );
+                       $encValue = self::safeEncodeAttribute( $value );
+
+                       $attribs[] = "$encAttribute=\"$encValue\"";
+               }
+               return count( $attribs ) ? ' ' . implode( ' ', $attribs ) : '';
+       }
+
        /**
         * Pick the appropriate attribute value from a match set from the
-        * MW_ATTRIBS_REGEX matches.
+        * attribs regex matches.
         *
-        * @param $set Array
-        * @return String
+        * @param array $set
+        * @throws MWException When tag conditions are not met.
+        * @return string
         */
        private static function getTagAttributeCallback( $set ) {
-               if( isset( $set[6] ) ) {
-                       # Illegal #XXXXXX color with no quotes.
-                       return $set[6];
-               } elseif( isset( $set[5] ) ) {
+               if ( isset( $set[5] ) ) {
                        # No quotes.
                        return $set[5];
-               } elseif( isset( $set[4] ) ) {
+               } elseif ( isset( $set[4] ) ) {
                        # Single-quoted
                        return $set[4];
-               } elseif( isset( $set[3] ) ) {
+               } elseif ( isset( $set[3] ) ) {
                        # Double-quoted
                        return $set[3];
-               } elseif( !isset( $set[2] ) ) {
-                       # In XHTML, attributes must have a value.
-                       # For 'reduced' form, return explicitly the attribute name here.
-                       return $set[1];
+               } elseif ( !isset( $set[2] ) ) {
+                       # In XHTML, attributes must have a value so return an empty string.
+                       # See "Empty attribute syntax",
+                       # https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/syntax.html#syntax-attribute-name
+                       return "";
                } else {
                        throw new MWException( "Tag conditions not met. This should never happen and is a bug." );
                }
        }
 
        /**
-        * Normalize whitespace and character references in an XML source-
-        * encoded text for an attribute value.
-        *
-        * See http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#AVNormalize for background,
-        * but note that we're not returning the value, but are returning
-        * XML source fragments that will be slapped into output.
-        *
-        * @param $text String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $text
+        * @return string
         */
-       private static function normalizeAttributeValue( $text ) {
-               return str_replace( '"', '&quot;',
-                       self::normalizeWhitespace(
-                               Sanitizer::normalizeCharReferences( $text ) ) );
-       }
-
        private static function normalizeWhitespace( $text ) {
                return preg_replace(
                        '/\r\n|[\x20\x0d\x0a\x09]/',
@@ -1116,8 +1512,8 @@ class Sanitizer {
         * by Parser::stripSectionName(), for use in the id's that are used for
         * section links.
         *
-        * @param $section String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $section
+        * @return string
         */
        static function normalizeSectionNameWhitespace( $section ) {
                return trim( preg_replace( '/[ _]+/', ' ', $section ) );
@@ -1131,35 +1527,34 @@ class Sanitizer {
         * a. named char refs can only be &lt; &gt; &amp; &quot;, others are
         *   numericized (this way we're well-formed even without a DTD)
         * b. any numeric char refs must be legal chars, not invalid or forbidden
-        * c. use &#x, not &#X
+        * c. use lower cased "&#x", not "&#X"
         * d. fix or reject non-valid attributes
         *
-        * @param $text String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $text
+        * @return string
         * @private
         */
        static function normalizeCharReferences( $text ) {
                return preg_replace_callback(
-                       MW_CHAR_REFS_REGEX,
-                       array( 'Sanitizer', 'normalizeCharReferencesCallback' ),
+                       self::CHAR_REFS_REGEX,
+                       [ 'Sanitizer', 'normalizeCharReferencesCallback' ],
                        $text );
        }
+
        /**
-        * @param $matches String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $matches
+        * @return string
         */
        static function normalizeCharReferencesCallback( $matches ) {
                $ret = null;
-               if( $matches[1] != '' ) {
-                       $ret = Sanitizer::normalizeEntity( $matches[1] );
-               } elseif( $matches[2] != '' ) {
-                       $ret = Sanitizer::decCharReference( $matches[2] );
-               } elseif( $matches[3] != ''  ) {
-                       $ret = Sanitizer::hexCharReference( $matches[3] );
-               } elseif( $matches[4] != '' ) {
-                       $ret = Sanitizer::hexCharReference( $matches[4] );
+               if ( $matches[1] != '' ) {
+                       $ret = self::normalizeEntity( $matches[1] );
+               } elseif ( $matches[2] != '' ) {
+                       $ret = self::decCharReference( $matches[2] );
+               } elseif ( $matches[3] != '' ) {
+                       $ret = self::hexCharReference( $matches[3] );
                }
-               if( is_null( $ret ) ) {
+               if ( is_null( $ret ) ) {
                        return htmlspecialchars( $matches[0] );
                } else {
                        return $ret;
@@ -1173,35 +1568,41 @@ class Sanitizer {
         * the HTML equivalent. Otherwise, returns HTML-escaped text of
         * pseudo-entity source (eg &amp;foo;)
         *
-        * @param $name String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $name
+        * @return string
         */
        static function normalizeEntity( $name ) {
-               global $wgHtmlEntities, $wgHtmlEntityAliases;
-               if ( isset( $wgHtmlEntityAliases[$name] ) ) {
-                       return "&{$wgHtmlEntityAliases[$name]};";
-               } elseif ( in_array( $name,
-               array( 'lt', 'gt', 'amp', 'quot' ) ) ) {
+               if ( isset( self::$htmlEntityAliases[$name] ) ) {
+                       return '&' . self::$htmlEntityAliases[$name] . ';';
+               } elseif ( in_array( $name, [ 'lt', 'gt', 'amp', 'quot' ] ) ) {
                        return "&$name;";
-               } elseif ( isset( $wgHtmlEntities[$name] ) ) {
-                       return "&#{$wgHtmlEntities[$name]};";
+               } elseif ( isset( self::$htmlEntities[$name] ) ) {
+                       return '&#' . self::$htmlEntities[$name] . ';';
                } else {
                        return "&amp;$name;";
                }
        }
 
+       /**
+        * @param int $codepoint
+        * @return null|string
+        */
        static function decCharReference( $codepoint ) {
                $point = intval( $codepoint );
-               if( Sanitizer::validateCodepoint( $point ) ) {
+               if ( self::validateCodepoint( $point ) ) {
                        return sprintf( '&#%d;', $point );
                } else {
                        return null;
                }
        }
 
+       /**
+        * @param int $codepoint
+        * @return null|string
+        */
        static function hexCharReference( $codepoint ) {
                $point = hexdec( $codepoint );
-               if( Sanitizer::validateCodepoint( $point ) ) {
+               if ( self::validateCodepoint( $point ) ) {
                        return sprintf( '&#x%x;', $point );
                } else {
                        return null;
@@ -1209,49 +1610,56 @@ class Sanitizer {
        }
 
        /**
-        * Returns true if a given Unicode codepoint is a valid character in XML.
-        * @param $codepoint Integer
-        * @return Boolean
+        * Returns true if a given Unicode codepoint is a valid character in
+        * both HTML5 and XML.
+        * @param int $codepoint
+        * @return bool
         */
        private static function validateCodepoint( $codepoint ) {
-               return ($codepoint ==    0x09)
-                       || ($codepoint ==    0x0a)
-                       || ($codepoint ==    0x0d)
-                       || ($codepoint >=    0x20 && $codepoint <=   0xd7ff)
-                       || ($codepoint >=  0xe000 && $codepoint <=   0xfffd)
-                       || ($codepoint >= 0x10000 && $codepoint <= 0x10ffff);
+               # U+000C is valid in HTML5 but not allowed in XML.
+               # U+000D is valid in XML but not allowed in HTML5.
+               # U+007F - U+009F are disallowed in HTML5 (control characters).
+               return $codepoint == 0x09
+                       || $codepoint == 0x0a
+                       || ( $codepoint >= 0x20 && $codepoint <= 0x7e )
+                       || ( $codepoint >= 0xa0 && $codepoint <= 0xd7ff )
+                       || ( $codepoint >= 0xe000 && $codepoint <= 0xfffd )
+                       || ( $codepoint >= 0x10000 && $codepoint <= 0x10ffff );
        }
 
        /**
         * Decode any character references, numeric or named entities,
         * in the text and return a UTF-8 string.
         *
-        * @param $text String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $text
+        * @return string
         */
        public static function decodeCharReferences( $text ) {
                return preg_replace_callback(
-                       MW_CHAR_REFS_REGEX,
-                       array( 'Sanitizer', 'decodeCharReferencesCallback' ),
+                       self::CHAR_REFS_REGEX,
+                       [ 'Sanitizer', 'decodeCharReferencesCallback' ],
                        $text );
        }
 
        /**
         * Decode any character references, numeric or named entities,
-        * in the next and normalize the resulting string. (bug 14952)
+        * in the next and normalize the resulting string. (T16952)
         *
         * This is useful for page titles, not for text to be displayed,
         * MediaWiki allows HTML entities to escape normalization as a feature.
         *
-        * @param $text String (already normalized, containing entities)
-        * @return String (still normalized, without entities)
+        * @param string $text Already normalized, containing entities
+        * @return string Still normalized, without entities
         */
        public static function decodeCharReferencesAndNormalize( $text ) {
                global $wgContLang;
                $text = preg_replace_callback(
-                       MW_CHAR_REFS_REGEX,
-                       array( 'Sanitizer', 'decodeCharReferencesCallback' ),
-                       $text, /* limit */ -1, $count );
+                       self::CHAR_REFS_REGEX,
+                       [ 'Sanitizer', 'decodeCharReferencesCallback' ],
+                       $text,
+                       -1, //limit
+                       $count
+               );
 
                if ( $count ) {
                        return $wgContLang->normalize( $text );
@@ -1261,18 +1669,16 @@ class Sanitizer {
        }
 
        /**
-        * @param $matches String
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $matches
+        * @return string
         */
        static function decodeCharReferencesCallback( $matches ) {
-               if( $matches[1] != '' ) {
-                       return Sanitizer::decodeEntity( $matches[1] );
-               } elseif( $matches[2] != '' ) {
-                       return  Sanitizer::decodeChar( intval( $matches[2] ) );
-               } elseif( $matches[3] != ''  ) {
-                       return  Sanitizer::decodeChar( hexdec( $matches[3] ) );
-               } elseif( $matches[4] != '' ) {
-                       return  Sanitizer::decodeChar( hexdec( $matches[4] ) );
+               if ( $matches[1] != '' ) {
+                       return self::decodeEntity( $matches[1] );
+               } elseif ( $matches[2] != '' ) {
+                       return self::decodeChar( intval( $matches[2] ) );
+               } elseif ( $matches[3] != '' ) {
+                       return self::decodeChar( hexdec( $matches[3] ) );
                }
                # Last case should be an ampersand by itself
                return $matches[0];
@@ -1281,33 +1687,32 @@ class Sanitizer {
        /**
         * Return UTF-8 string for a codepoint if that is a valid
         * character reference, otherwise U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.
-        * @param $codepoint Integer
-        * @return String
+        * @param int $codepoint
+        * @return string
         * @private
         */
        static function decodeChar( $codepoint ) {
-               if( Sanitizer::validateCodepoint( $codepoint ) ) {
-                       return codepointToUtf8( $codepoint );
+               if ( self::validateCodepoint( $codepoint ) ) {
+                       return UtfNormal\Utils::codepointToUtf8( $codepoint );
                } else {
-                       return UTF8_REPLACEMENT;
+                       return UtfNormal\Constants::UTF8_REPLACEMENT;
                }
        }
 
        /**
         * If the named entity is defined in the HTML 4.0/XHTML 1.0 DTD,
         * return the UTF-8 encoding of that character. Otherwise, returns
-        * pseudo-entity source (eg &foo;)
+        * pseudo-entity source (eg "&foo;")
         *
-        * @param $name Strings
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $name
+        * @return string
         */
        static function decodeEntity( $name ) {
-               global $wgHtmlEntities, $wgHtmlEntityAliases;
-               if ( isset( $wgHtmlEntityAliases[$name] ) ) {
-                       $name = $wgHtmlEntityAliases[$name];
+               if ( isset( self::$htmlEntityAliases[$name] ) ) {
+                       $name = self::$htmlEntityAliases[$name];
                }
-               if( isset( $wgHtmlEntities[$name] ) ) {
-                       return codepointToUtf8( $wgHtmlEntities[$name] );
+               if ( isset( self::$htmlEntities[$name] ) ) {
+                       return UtfNormal\Utils::codepointToUtf8( self::$htmlEntities[$name] );
                } else {
                        return "&$name;";
                }
@@ -1316,64 +1721,85 @@ class Sanitizer {
        /**
         * Fetch the whitelist of acceptable attributes for a given element name.
         *
-        * @param $element String
-        * @return Array
+        * @param string $element
+        * @return array
         */
        static function attributeWhitelist( $element ) {
-               static $list;
-               if( !isset( $list ) ) {
-                       $list = Sanitizer::setupAttributeWhitelist();
-               }
+               $list = self::setupAttributeWhitelist();
                return isset( $list[$element] )
                        ? $list[$element]
-                       : array();
+                       : [];
        }
 
        /**
         * Foreach array key (an allowed HTML element), return an array
         * of allowed attributes
-        * @return Array
+        * @return array
         */
        static function setupAttributeWhitelist() {
-               global $wgAllowRdfaAttributes, $wgHtml5, $wgAllowMicrodataAttributes;
+               static $whitelist;
 
-               $common = array( 'id', 'class', 'lang', 'dir', 'title', 'style' );
-
-               if ( $wgAllowRdfaAttributes ) {
-                       #RDFa attributes as specified in section 9 of http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdfa-syntax-20081014
-                       $common = array_merge( $common, array(
-                           'about', 'property', 'resource', 'datatype', 'typeof', 
-                       ) );
-               }
-
-               if ( $wgHtml5 && $wgAllowMicrodataAttributes ) {
-                       # add HTML5 microdata tages as pecified by http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/microdata.html#the-microdata-model
-                       $common = array_merge( $common, array(
-                           'itemid', 'itemprop', 'itemref', 'itemscope', 'itemtype'
-                       ) );
+               if ( $whitelist !== null ) {
+                       return $whitelist;
                }
 
-               $block = array_merge( $common, array( 'align' ) );
-               $tablealign = array( 'align', 'char', 'charoff', 'valign' );
-               $tablecell = array( 'abbr',
-                                   'axis',
-                                   'headers',
-                                   'scope',
-                                   'rowspan',
-                                   'colspan',
-                                   'nowrap', # deprecated
-                                   'width',  # deprecated
-                                   'height', # deprecated
-                                   'bgcolor' # deprecated
-                                   );
+               $common = [
+                       # HTML
+                       'id',
+                       'class',
+                       'style',
+                       'lang',
+                       'dir',
+                       'title',
+
+                       # WAI-ARIA
+                       'aria-describedby',
+                       'aria-flowto',
+                       'aria-label',
+                       'aria-labelledby',
+                       'aria-owns',
+                       'role',
+
+                       # RDFa
+                       # These attributes are specified in section 9 of
+                       # https://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdfa-syntax-20081014
+                       'about',
+                       'property',
+                       'resource',
+                       'datatype',
+                       'typeof',
+
+                       # Microdata. These are specified by
+                       # https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/microdata.html#the-microdata-model
+                       'itemid',
+                       'itemprop',
+                       'itemref',
+                       'itemscope',
+                       'itemtype',
+               ];
+
+               $block = array_merge( $common, [ 'align' ] );
+               $tablealign = [ 'align', 'valign' ];
+               $tablecell = [
+                       'abbr',
+                       'axis',
+                       'headers',
+                       'scope',
+                       'rowspan',
+                       'colspan',
+                       'nowrap', # deprecated
+                       'width', # deprecated
+                       'height', # deprecated
+                       'bgcolor', # deprecated
+               ];
 
                # Numbers refer to sections in HTML 4.01 standard describing the element.
-               # See: http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/
-               $whitelist = array (
+               # See: https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/
+               $whitelist = [
                        # 7.5.4
                        'div'        => $block,
                        'center'     => $common, # deprecated
-                       'span'       => $block, # ??
+                       'span'       => $common,
 
                        # 7.5.5
                        'h1'         => $block,
@@ -1387,7 +1813,7 @@ class Sanitizer {
                        # address
 
                        # 8.2.4
-                       # bdo
+                       'bdo'        => $common,
 
                        # 9.2.1
                        'em'         => $common,
@@ -1402,8 +1828,8 @@ class Sanitizer {
                        # acronym
 
                        # 9.2.2
-                       'blockquote' => array_merge( $common, array( 'cite' ) ),
-                       # q
+                       'blockquote' => array_merge( $common, [ 'cite' ] ),
+                       'q'          => array_merge( $common, [ 'cite' ] ),
 
                        # 9.2.3
                        'sub'        => $common,
@@ -1413,19 +1839,22 @@ class Sanitizer {
                        'p'          => $block,
 
                        # 9.3.2
-                       'br'         => array( 'id', 'class', 'title', 'style', 'clear' ),
+                       'br'         => array_merge( $common, [ 'clear' ] ),
+
+                       # https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/text-level-semantics.html#the-wbr-element
+                       'wbr'        => $common,
 
                        # 9.3.4
-                       'pre'        => array_merge( $common, array( 'width' ) ),
+                       'pre'        => array_merge( $common, [ 'width' ] ),
 
                        # 9.4
-                       'ins'        => array_merge( $common, array( 'cite', 'datetime' ) ),
-                       'del'        => array_merge( $common, array( 'cite', 'datetime' ) ),
+                       'ins'        => array_merge( $common, [ 'cite', 'datetime' ] ),
+                       'del'        => array_merge( $common, [ 'cite', 'datetime' ] ),
 
                        # 10.2
-                       'ul'         => array_merge( $common, array( 'type' ) ),
-                       'ol'         => array_merge( $common, array( 'type', 'start' ) ),
-                       'li'         => array_merge( $common, array( 'type', 'value' ) ),
+                       'ul'         => array_merge( $common, [ 'type' ] ),
+                       'ol'         => array_merge( $common, [ 'type', 'start', 'reversed' ] ),
+                       'li'         => array_merge( $common, [ 'type', 'value' ] ),
 
                        # 10.3
                        'dl'         => $common,
@@ -1434,38 +1863,44 @@ class Sanitizer {
 
                        # 11.2.1
                        'table'      => array_merge( $common,
-                                                               array( 'summary', 'width', 'border', 'frame',
+                                                               [ 'summary', 'width', 'border', 'frame',
                                                                                'rules', 'cellspacing', 'cellpadding',
                                                                                'align', 'bgcolor',
-                                                               ) ),
+                                                               ] ),
 
                        # 11.2.2
-                       'caption'    => array_merge( $common, array( 'align' ) ),
+                       'caption'    => $block,
 
                        # 11.2.3
-                       'thead'      => array_merge( $common, $tablealign ),
-                       'tfoot'      => array_merge( $common, $tablealign ),
-                       'tbody'      => array_merge( $common, $tablealign ),
+                       'thead'      => $common,
+                       'tfoot'      => $common,
+                       'tbody'      => $common,
 
                        # 11.2.4
-                       'colgroup'   => array_merge( $common, array( 'span', 'width' ), $tablealign ),
-                       'col'        => array_merge( $common, array( 'span', 'width' ), $tablealign ),
+                       'colgroup'   => array_merge( $common, [ 'span' ] ),
+                       'col'        => array_merge( $common, [ 'span' ] ),
 
                        # 11.2.5
-                       'tr'         => array_merge( $common, array( 'bgcolor' ), $tablealign ),
+                       'tr'         => array_merge( $common, [ 'bgcolor' ], $tablealign ),
 
                        # 11.2.6
                        'td'         => array_merge( $common, $tablecell, $tablealign ),
                        'th'         => array_merge( $common, $tablecell, $tablealign ),
 
-                       # 12.2 # NOTE: <a> is not allowed directly, but the attrib whitelist is used from the Parser object
-                       'a'          => array_merge( $common, array( 'href', 'rel', 'rev' ) ), # rel/rev esp. for RDFa 
+                       # 12.2
+                       # NOTE: <a> is not allowed directly, but the attrib
+                       # whitelist is used from the Parser object
+                       'a'          => array_merge( $common, [ 'href', 'rel', 'rev' ] ), # rel/rev esp. for RDFa
 
                        # 13.2
                        # Not usually allowed, but may be used for extension-style hooks
                        # such as <math> when it is rasterized, or if $wgAllowImageTag is
                        # true
-                       'img'        => array_merge( $common, array( 'alt', 'src', 'width', 'height' ) ),
+                       'img'        => array_merge( $common, [ 'alt', 'src', 'width', 'height', 'srcset' ] ),
+
+                       'video'      => array_merge( $common, [ 'poster', 'controls', 'preload', 'width', 'height' ] ),
+                       'source'     => array_merge( $common, [ 'type', 'src' ] ),
+                       'track'      => array_merge( $common, [ 'type', 'src', 'srclang', 'kind', 'label' ] ),
 
                        # 15.2.1
                        'tt'         => $common,
@@ -1478,26 +1913,48 @@ class Sanitizer {
                        'u'          => $common,
 
                        # 15.2.2
-                       'font'       => array_merge( $common, array( 'size', 'color', 'face' ) ),
+                       'font'       => array_merge( $common, [ 'size', 'color', 'face' ] ),
                        # basefont
 
                        # 15.3
-                       'hr'         => array_merge( $common, array( 'noshade', 'size', 'width' ) ),
+                       'hr'         => array_merge( $common, [ 'width' ] ),
 
-                       # XHTML Ruby annotation text module, simple ruby only.
-                       # http://www.w3c.org/TR/ruby/
+                       # HTML Ruby annotation text module, simple ruby only.
+                       # https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element
                        'ruby'       => $common,
                        # rbc
-                       # rtc
                        'rb'         => $common,
-                       'rt'         => $common, #array_merge( $common, array( 'rbspan' ) ),
                        'rp'         => $common,
+                       'rt'         => $common, # array_merge( $common, array( 'rbspan' ) ),
+                       'rtc'        => $common,
 
                        # MathML root element, where used for extensions
                        # 'title' may not be 100% valid here; it's XHTML
-                       # http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-MathML/
-                       'math'       => array( 'class', 'style', 'id', 'title' ),
-                       );
+                       # https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-MathML/
+                       'math'       => [ 'class', 'style', 'id', 'title' ],
+
+                       // HTML 5 section 4.5
+                       'figure'     => $common,
+                       'figcaption' => $common,
+
+                       # HTML 5 section 4.6
+                       'bdi' => $common,
+
+                       # HTML5 elements, defined by:
+                       # https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/semantics.html#the-data-element
+                       'data' => array_merge( $common, [ 'value' ] ),
+                       'time' => array_merge( $common, [ 'datetime' ] ),
+                       'mark' => $common,
+
+                       // meta and link are only permitted by removeHTMLtags when Microdata
+                       // is enabled so we don't bother adding a conditional to hide these
+                       // Also meta and link are only valid in WikiText as Microdata elements
+                       // (ie: validateTag rejects tags missing the attributes needed for Microdata)
+                       // So we don't bother including $common attributes that have no purpose.
+                       'meta' => [ 'itemprop', 'content' ],
+                       'link' => [ 'itemprop', 'href', 'title' ],
+               ];
+
                return $whitelist;
        }
 
@@ -1508,8 +1965,8 @@ class Sanitizer {
         * Warning: this return value must be further escaped for literal
         * inclusion in HTML output as of 1.10!
         *
-        * @param $text String: HTML fragment
-        * @return String
+        * @param string $text HTML fragment
+        * @return string
         */
        static function stripAllTags( $text ) {
                # Actual <tags>
@@ -1529,33 +1986,37 @@ class Sanitizer {
         *
         * Use for passing XHTML fragments to PHP's XML parsing functions
         *
-        * @return String
+        * @return string
         */
        static function hackDocType() {
-               global $wgHtmlEntities;
                $out = "<!DOCTYPE html [\n";
-               foreach( $wgHtmlEntities as $entity => $codepoint ) {
+               foreach ( self::$htmlEntities as $entity => $codepoint ) {
                        $out .= "<!ENTITY $entity \"&#$codepoint;\">";
                }
                $out .= "]>\n";
                return $out;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * @param string $url
+        * @return mixed|string
+        */
        static function cleanUrl( $url ) {
                # Normalize any HTML entities in input. They will be
                # re-escaped by makeExternalLink().
-               $url = Sanitizer::decodeCharReferences( $url );
+               $url = self::decodeCharReferences( $url );
 
                # Escape any control characters introduced by the above step
-               $url = preg_replace( '/[\][<>"\\x00-\\x20\\x7F\|]/e', "urlencode('\\0')", $url );
+               $url = preg_replace_callback( '/[\][<>"\\x00-\\x20\\x7F\|]/',
+                       [ __CLASS__, 'cleanUrlCallback' ], $url );
 
                # Validate hostname portion
-               $matches = array();
-               if( preg_match( '!^([^:]+:)(//[^/]+)?(.*)$!iD', $url, $matches ) ) {
+               $matches = [];
+               if ( preg_match( '!^([^:]+:)(//[^/]+)?(.*)$!iD', $url, $matches ) ) {
                        list( /* $whole */, $protocol, $host, $rest ) = $matches;
 
                        // Characters that will be ignored in IDNs.
-                       // http://tools.ietf.org/html/3454#section-3.1
+                       // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3454#section-3.1
                        // Strip them before further processing so blacklists and such work.
                        $strip = "/
                                \\s|          # general whitespace
@@ -1570,12 +2031,19 @@ class Sanitizer {
                                \xe1\xa0\x8d| # 180d MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR THREE
                                \xe2\x80\x8c| # 200c ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER
                                \xe2\x80\x8d| # 200d ZERO WIDTH JOINER
-                               [\xef\xb8\x80-\xef\xb8\x8f] # fe00-fe00f VARIATION SELECTOR-1-16
+                               [\xef\xb8\x80-\xef\xb8\x8f] # fe00-fe0f VARIATION SELECTOR-1-16
                                /xuD";
 
                        $host = preg_replace( $strip, '', $host );
 
-                       // @todo Fixme: validate hostnames here
+                       // IPv6 host names are bracketed with [].  Url-decode these.
+                       if ( substr_compare( "//%5B", $host, 0, 5 ) === 0 &&
+                               preg_match( '!^//%5B([0-9A-Fa-f:.]+)%5D((:\d+)?)$!', $host, $matches )
+                       ) {
+                               $host = '//[' . $matches[1] . ']' . $matches[2];
+                       }
+
+                       // @todo FIXME: Validate hostnames here
 
                        return $protocol . $host . $rest;
                } else {
@@ -1583,4 +2051,63 @@ class Sanitizer {
                }
        }
 
+       /**
+        * @param array $matches
+        * @return string
+        */
+       static function cleanUrlCallback( $matches ) {
+               return urlencode( $matches[0] );
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Does a string look like an e-mail address?
+        *
+        * This validates an email address using an HTML5 specification found at:
+        * http://www.whatwg.org/html/states-of-the-type-attribute.html#valid-e-mail-address
+        * Which as of 2011-01-24 says:
+        *
+        *   A valid e-mail address is a string that matches the ABNF production
+        *   1*( atext / "." ) "@" ldh-str *( "." ldh-str ) where atext is defined
+        *   in RFC 5322 section 3.2.3, and ldh-str is defined in RFC 1034 section
+        *   3.5.
+        *
+        * This function is an implementation of the specification as requested in
+        * T24449.
+        *
+        * Client-side forms will use the same standard validation rules via JS or
+        * HTML 5 validation; additional restrictions can be enforced server-side
+        * by extensions via the 'isValidEmailAddr' hook.
+        *
+        * Note that this validation doesn't 100% match RFC 2822, but is believed
+        * to be liberal enough for wide use. Some invalid addresses will still
+        * pass validation here.
+        *
+        * @since 1.18
+        *
+        * @param string $addr E-mail address
+        * @return bool
+        */
+       public static function validateEmail( $addr ) {
+               $result = null;
+               if ( !Hooks::run( 'isValidEmailAddr', [ $addr, &$result ] ) ) {
+                       return $result;
+               }
+
+               // Please note strings below are enclosed in brackets [], this make the
+               // hyphen "-" a range indicator. Hence it is double backslashed below.
+               // See T28948
+               $rfc5322_atext = "a-z0-9!#$%&'*+\\-\/=?^_`{|}~";
+               $rfc1034_ldh_str = "a-z0-9\\-";
+
+               $html5_email_regexp = "/
+               ^                      # start of string
+               [$rfc5322_atext\\.]+    # user part which is liberal :p
+               @                      # 'apostrophe'
+               [$rfc1034_ldh_str]+       # First domain part
+               (\\.[$rfc1034_ldh_str]+)*  # Following part prefixed with a dot
+               $                      # End of string
+               /ix"; // case Insensitive, eXtended
+
+               return (bool)preg_match( $html5_email_regexp, $addr );
+       }
 }