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[autoinstalls/wordpress.git] / wp-includes / rewrite.php
index 22294974c2551a0bf2c5f95ed8fe4b207cc2044c..04f01c22c8eaa37eec236578f34c354625d59141 100644 (file)
 <?php
-
-/* WP_Rewrite API
-*******************************************************************************/
-
-//Add a straight rewrite rule
+/**
+ * WordPress Rewrite API
+ *
+ * @package WordPress
+ * @subpackage Rewrite
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Add a straight rewrite rule.
+ *
+ * @see WP_Rewrite::add_rule() for long description.
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ *
+ * @param string $regex Regular Expression to match request against.
+ * @param string $redirect Page to redirect to.
+ * @param string $after Optional, default is 'bottom'. Where to add rule, can also be 'top'.
+ */
 function add_rewrite_rule($regex, $redirect, $after = 'bottom') {
        global $wp_rewrite;
        $wp_rewrite->add_rule($regex, $redirect, $after);
 }
 
-//Add a new tag (like %postname%)
-//warning: you must call this on init or earlier, otherwise the query var addition stuff won't work
-function add_rewrite_tag($tagname, $regex) {
-       //validation
-       if (strlen($tagname) < 3 || $tagname{0} != '%' || $tagname{strlen($tagname)-1} != '%') {
+/**
+ * Add a new rewrite tag (like %postname%).
+ *
+ * The $query parameter is optional. If it is omitted you must ensure that
+ * you call this on, or before, the 'init' hook. This is because $query defaults
+ * to "$tag=", and for this to work a new query var has to be added.
+ *
+ * @see WP_Rewrite::add_rewrite_tag()
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ *
+ * @param string $tag Name of the new rewrite tag.
+ * @param string $regex Regular expression to substitute the tag for in rewrite rules.
+ * @param string $query String to append to the rewritten query. Must end in '='. Optional.
+ */
+function add_rewrite_tag( $tag, $regex, $query = '' ) {
+       // validate the tag's name
+       if ( strlen( $tag ) < 3 || $tag[0] != '%' || $tag[ strlen($tag) - 1 ] != '%' )
                return;
+
+       global $wp_rewrite, $wp;
+
+       if ( empty( $query ) ) {
+               $qv = trim( $tag, '%' );
+               $wp->add_query_var( $qv );
+               $query = $qv . '=';
        }
 
-       $qv = trim($tagname, '%');
+       $wp_rewrite->add_rewrite_tag( $tag, $regex, $query );
+}
 
-       global $wp_rewrite, $wp;
-       $wp->add_query_var($qv);
-       $wp_rewrite->add_rewrite_tag($tagname, $regex, $qv . '=');
+/**
+ * Add permalink structure.
+ *
+ * @see WP_Rewrite::add_permastruct()
+ * @since 3.0.0
+ *
+ * @param string $name Name for permalink structure.
+ * @param string $struct Permalink structure.
+ * @param array $args Optional configuration for building the rules from the permalink structure,
+ *     see {@link WP_Rewrite::add_permastruct()} for full details.
+ */
+function add_permastruct( $name, $struct, $args = array() ) {
+       global $wp_rewrite;
+
+       // backwards compatibility for the old parameters: $with_front and $ep_mask
+       if ( ! is_array( $args ) )
+               $args = array( 'with_front' => $args );
+       if ( func_num_args() == 4 )
+               $args['ep_mask'] = func_get_arg( 3 );
+
+       return $wp_rewrite->add_permastruct( $name, $struct, $args );
 }
 
-//Add a new feed type like /atom1/
+/**
+ * Add a new feed type like /atom1/.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ *
+ * @param string $feedname
+ * @param callback $function Callback to run on feed display.
+ * @return string Feed action name.
+ */
 function add_feed($feedname, $function) {
        global $wp_rewrite;
-       if (!in_array($feedname, $wp_rewrite->feeds)) { //override the file if it is
+       if ( ! in_array($feedname, $wp_rewrite->feeds) ) //override the file if it is
                $wp_rewrite->feeds[] = $feedname;
-       }
        $hook = 'do_feed_' . $feedname;
-       remove_action($hook, $function, 10, 1);
+       // Remove default function hook
+       remove_action($hook, $hook, 10, 1);
        add_action($hook, $function, 10, 1);
        return $hook;
 }
 
-define('EP_PERMALINK',  1   );
-define('EP_ATTACHMENT', 2   );
-define('EP_DATE',       4   );
-define('EP_YEAR',       8   );
-define('EP_MONTH',      16  );
-define('EP_DAY',        32  );
-define('EP_ROOT',       64  );
-define('EP_COMMENTS',   128 );
-define('EP_SEARCH',     256 );
-define('EP_CATEGORIES', 512 );
-define('EP_TAGS', 1024 );
-define('EP_AUTHORS',    2048);
-define('EP_PAGES',      4096);
-//pseudo-places
-define('EP_NONE',       0  );
-define('EP_ALL',        8191);
-
-//and an endpoint, like /trackback/
-function add_rewrite_endpoint($name, $places) {
+/**
+ * Remove rewrite rules and then recreate rewrite rules.
+ *
+ * @see WP_Rewrite::flush_rules()
+ * @since 3.0.0
+ *
+ * @param bool $hard Whether to update .htaccess (hard flush) or just update
+ *     rewrite_rules transient (soft flush). Default is true (hard).
+ */
+function flush_rewrite_rules( $hard = true ) {
        global $wp_rewrite;
-       $wp_rewrite->add_endpoint($name, $places);
+       $wp_rewrite->flush_rules( $hard );
 }
 
-// examine a url (supposedly from this blog) and try to
-// determine the post ID it represents.
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for default, which is nothing.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_NONE', 0);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for Permalink.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_PERMALINK', 1);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for Attachment.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_ATTACHMENT', 2);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for date.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_DATE', 4);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for year
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_YEAR', 8);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for month.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_MONTH', 16);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for day.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_DAY', 32);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for root.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_ROOT', 64);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for comments.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_COMMENTS', 128);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for searches.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_SEARCH', 256);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for categories.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_CATEGORIES', 512);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for tags.
+ *
+ * @since 2.3.0
+ */
+define('EP_TAGS', 1024);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for authors.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_AUTHORS', 2048);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for pages.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_PAGES', 4096);
+
+/**
+ * Endpoint Mask for everything.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ */
+define('EP_ALL', 8191);
+
+/**
+ * Add an endpoint, like /trackback/.
+ *
+ * Adding an endpoint creates extra rewrite rules for each of the matching
+ * places specified by the provided bitmask. For example:
+ *
+ * <code>
+ * add_rewrite_endpoint( 'json', EP_PERMALINK | EP_PAGES );
+ * </code>
+ *
+ * will add a new rewrite rule ending with "json(/(.*))?/?$" for every permastruct
+ * that describes a permalink (post) or page. This is rewritten to "json=$match"
+ * where $match is the part of the URL matched by the endpoint regex (e.g. "foo" in
+ * "<permalink>/json/foo/").
+ *
+ * A new query var with the same name as the endpoint will also be created.
+ *
+ * When specifying $places ensure that you are using the EP_* constants (or a
+ * combination of them using the bitwise OR operator) as their values are not
+ * guaranteed to remain static (especially EP_ALL).
+ *
+ * Be sure to flush the rewrite rules - flush_rewrite_rules() - when your plugin gets
+ * activated and deactivated.
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ * @see WP_Rewrite::add_endpoint()
+ * @global object $wp_rewrite
+ *
+ * @param string $name Name of the endpoint.
+ * @param int $places Endpoint mask describing the places the endpoint should be added.
+ */
+function add_rewrite_endpoint( $name, $places ) {
+       global $wp_rewrite;
+       $wp_rewrite->add_endpoint( $name, $places );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Filter the URL base for taxonomies.
+ *
+ * To remove any manually prepended /index.php/.
+ *
+ * @access private
+ * @since 2.6.0
+ *
+ * @param string $base The taxonomy base that we're going to filter
+ * @return string
+ */
+function _wp_filter_taxonomy_base( $base ) {
+       if ( !empty( $base ) ) {
+               $base = preg_replace( '|^/index\.php/|', '', $base );
+               $base = trim( $base, '/' );
+       }
+       return $base;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Examine a url and try to determine the post ID it represents.
+ *
+ * Checks are supposedly from the hosted site blog.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ *
+ * @param string $url Permalink to check.
+ * @return int Post ID, or 0 on failure.
+ */
 function url_to_postid($url) {
        global $wp_rewrite;
 
@@ -69,7 +286,7 @@ function url_to_postid($url) {
        // First, check to see if there is a 'p=N' or 'page_id=N' to match against
        if ( preg_match('#[?&](p|page_id|attachment_id)=(\d+)#', $url, $values) )       {
                $id = absint($values[2]);
-               if ($id)
+               if ( $id )
                        return $id;
        }
 
@@ -80,11 +297,6 @@ function url_to_postid($url) {
        if ( empty($rewrite) )
                return 0;
 
-       // $url cleanup by Mark Jaquith
-       // This fixes things like #anchors, ?query=strings, missing 'www.',
-       // added 'www.', or added 'index.php/' that will mess up our WP_Query
-       // and return a false negative
-
        // Get rid of the #anchor
        $url_split = explode('#', $url);
        $url = $url_split[0];
@@ -94,24 +306,24 @@ function url_to_postid($url) {
        $url = $url_split[0];
 
        // Add 'www.' if it is absent and should be there
-       if ( false !== strpos(get_option('home'), '://www.') && false === strpos($url, '://www.') )
+       if ( false !== strpos(home_url(), '://www.') && false === strpos($url, '://www.') )
                $url = str_replace('://', '://www.', $url);
 
        // Strip 'www.' if it is present and shouldn't be
-       if ( false === strpos(get_option('home'), '://www.') )
+       if ( false === strpos(home_url(), '://www.') )
                $url = str_replace('://www.', '://', $url);
 
        // Strip 'index.php/' if we're not using path info permalinks
        if ( !$wp_rewrite->using_index_permalinks() )
                $url = str_replace('index.php/', '', $url);
 
-       if ( false !== strpos($url, get_option('home')) ) {
+       if ( false !== strpos($url, home_url()) ) {
                // Chop off http://domain.com
-               $url = str_replace(get_option('home'), '', $url);
+               $url = str_replace(home_url(), '', $url);
        } else {
                // Chop off /path/to/blog
-               $home_path = parse_url(get_option('home'));
-               $home_path = $home_path['path'];
+               $home_path = parse_url(home_url());
+               $home_path = isset( $home_path['path'] ) ? $home_path['path'] : '' ;
                $url = str_replace($home_path, '', $url);
        }
 
@@ -120,35 +332,42 @@ function url_to_postid($url) {
 
        $request = $url;
 
-       // Done with cleanup
-
        // Look for matches.
        $request_match = $request;
-       foreach ($rewrite as $match => $query) {
+       foreach ( (array)$rewrite as $match => $query) {
+
                // If the requesting file is the anchor of the match, prepend it
                // to the path info.
-               if ( (! empty($url)) && (strpos($match, $url) === 0) && ($url != $request)) {
+               if ( !empty($url) && ($url != $request) && (strpos($match, $url) === 0) )
                        $request_match = $url . '/' . $request;
-               }
 
                if ( preg_match("!^$match!", $request_match, $matches) ) {
+
+                       if ( $wp_rewrite->use_verbose_page_rules && preg_match( '/pagename=\$matches\[([0-9]+)\]/', $query, $varmatch ) ) {
+                               // this is a verbose page match, lets check to be sure about it
+                               if ( ! get_page_by_path( $matches[ $varmatch[1] ] ) )
+                                       continue;
+                       }
+
                        // Got a match.
                        // Trim the query of everything up to the '?'.
                        $query = preg_replace("!^.+\?!", '', $query);
 
                        // Substitute the substring matches into the query.
-                       eval("\$query = \"$query\";");
+                       $query = addslashes(WP_MatchesMapRegex::apply($query, $matches));
+
                        // Filter out non-public query vars
                        global $wp;
                        parse_str($query, $query_vars);
                        $query = array();
-                       foreach ( $query_vars as $key => $value ) {
+                       foreach ( (array) $query_vars as $key => $value ) {
                                if ( in_array($key, $wp->public_query_vars) )
                                        $query[$key] = $value;
                        }
+
                        // Do the query
                        $query = new WP_Query($query);
-                       if ( $query->is_single || $query->is_page )
+                       if ( !empty($query->posts) && $query->is_singular )
                                return $query->post->ID;
                        else
                                return 0;
@@ -157,123 +376,430 @@ function url_to_postid($url) {
        return 0;
 }
 
-/* WP_Rewrite class
-*******************************************************************************/
-
+/**
+ * WordPress Rewrite Component.
+ *
+ * The WordPress Rewrite class writes the rewrite module rules to the .htaccess
+ * file. It also handles parsing the request to get the correct setup for the
+ * WordPress Query class.
+ *
+ * The Rewrite along with WP class function as a front controller for WordPress.
+ * You can add rules to trigger your page view and processing using this
+ * component. The full functionality of a front controller does not exist,
+ * meaning you can't define how the template files load based on the rewrite
+ * rules.
+ *
+ * @since 1.5.0
+ */
 class WP_Rewrite {
+       /**
+        * Permalink structure for posts.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $permalink_structure;
+
+       /**
+        * Whether to add trailing slashes.
+        *
+        * @since 2.2.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var bool
+        */
        var $use_trailing_slashes;
-       var $category_base;
-       var $tag_base;
-       var $category_structure;
-       var $tag_structure;
+
+       /**
+        * Base for the author permalink structure (example.com/$author_base/authorname).
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $author_base = 'author';
+
+       /**
+        * Permalink structure for author archives.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $author_structure;
+
+       /**
+        * Permalink structure for date archives.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $date_structure;
+
+       /**
+        * Permalink structure for pages.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $page_structure;
+
+       /**
+        * Base of the search permalink structure (example.com/$search_base/query).
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $search_base = 'search';
+
+       /**
+        * Permalink structure for searches.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $search_structure;
+
+       /**
+        * Comments permalink base.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $comments_base = 'comments';
+
+       /**
+        * Pagination permalink base.
+        *
+        * @since 3.1.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
+       var $pagination_base = 'page';
+
+       /**
+        * Feed permalink base.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $feed_base = 'feed';
+
+       /**
+        * Comments feed permalink structure.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $comments_feed_structure;
+
+       /**
+        * Feed request permalink structure.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $feed_structure;
+
+       /**
+        * The static portion of the post permalink structure.
+        *
+        * If the permalink structure is "/archive/%post_id%" then the front
+        * is "/archive/". If the permalink structure is "/%year%/%postname%/"
+        * then the front is "/".
+        *
+        * @see WP_Rewrite::init()
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $front;
+
+       /**
+        * The prefix for all permalink structures.
+        *
+        * If PATHINFO/index permalinks are in use then the root is the value of
+        * {@link WP_Rewrite::$index} with a trailing slash appended. Otherwise
+        * the root will be empty.
+        *
+        * @see WP_Rewrite::init()
+        * @see WP_Rewrite::using_index_permalinks()
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $root = '';
+
+       /**
+        * The name of the index file which is the entry point to all requests.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $index = 'index.php';
+
+       /**
+        * Variable name to use for regex matches in the rewritten query.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var string
+        */
        var $matches = '';
+
+       /**
+        * Rewrite rules to match against the request to find the redirect or query.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
        var $rules;
-       var $extra_rules = array(); //those not generated by the class, see add_rewrite_rule()
-       var $extra_rules_top = array(); //those not generated by the class, see add_rewrite_rule()
-       var $non_wp_rules = array(); //rules that don't redirect to WP's index.php
+
+       /**
+        * Additional rules added external to the rewrite class.
+        *
+        * Those not generated by the class, see add_rewrite_rule().
+        *
+        * @since 2.1.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
+       var $extra_rules = array();
+
+       /**
+        * Additional rules that belong at the beginning to match first.
+        *
+        * Those not generated by the class, see add_rewrite_rule().
+        *
+        * @since 2.3.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
+       var $extra_rules_top = array();
+
+       /**
+        * Rules that don't redirect to WordPress' index.php.
+        *
+        * These rules are written to the mod_rewrite portion of the .htaccess,
+        * and are added by {@link add_external_rule()}.
+        *
+        * @since 2.1.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
+       var $non_wp_rules = array();
+
+       /**
+        * Extra permalink structures, e.g. categories, added by {@link add_permastruct()}.
+        *
+        * @since 2.1.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
        var $extra_permastructs = array();
+
+       /**
+        * Endpoints (like /trackback/) added by {@link add_rewrite_endpoint()}.
+        *
+        * @since 2.1.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
        var $endpoints;
+
+       /**
+        * Whether to write every mod_rewrite rule for WordPress into the .htaccess file.
+        *
+        * This is off by default, turning it on might print a lot of rewrite rules
+        * to the .htaccess file.
+        *
+        * @see WP_Rewrite::mod_rewrite_rules()
+        * @since 2.0.0
+        * @access public
+        * @var bool
+        */
        var $use_verbose_rules = false;
+
+       /**
+        * Could post permalinks be confused with those of pages?
+        *
+        * If the first rewrite tag in the post permalink structure is one that could
+        * also match a page name (e.g. %postname% or %author%) then this flag is
+        * set to true. Prior to WordPress 3.3 this flag indicated that every page
+        * would have a set of rules added to the top of the rewrite rules array.
+        * Now it tells {@link WP::parse_request()} to check if a URL matching the
+        * page permastruct is actually a page before accepting it.
+        *
+        * @link http://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/16687
+        * @see WP_Rewrite::init()
+        * @since 2.5.0
+        * @access public
+        * @var bool
+        */
        var $use_verbose_page_rules = true;
-       var $rewritecode =
-               array(
-                                       '%year%',
-                                       '%monthnum%',
-                                       '%day%',
-                                       '%hour%',
-                                       '%minute%',
-                                       '%second%',
-                                       '%postname%',
-                                       '%post_id%',
-                                       '%category%',
-                                       '%tag%',
-                                       '%author%',
-                                       '%pagename%',
-                                       '%search%'
-                                       );
-
-       var $rewritereplace =
-               array(
-                                       '([0-9]{4})',
-                                       '([0-9]{1,2})',
-                                       '([0-9]{1,2})',
-                                       '([0-9]{1,2})',
-                                       '([0-9]{1,2})',
-                                       '([0-9]{1,2})',
-                                       '([^/]+)',
-                                       '([0-9]+)',
-                                       '(.+?)',
-                                       '(.+?)',
-                                       '([^/]+)',
-                                       '([^/]+?)',
-                                       '(.+)'
-                                       );
-
-       var $queryreplace =
-               array (
-                                       'year=',
-                                       'monthnum=',
-                                       'day=',
-                                       'hour=',
-                                       'minute=',
-                                       'second=',
-                                       'name=',
-                                       'p=',
-                                       'category_name=',
-                                       'tag=',
-                                       'author_name=',
-                                       'pagename=',
-                                       's='
-                                       );
-
-       var $feeds = array ( 'feed', 'rdf', 'rss', 'rss2', 'atom' );
 
+       /**
+        * Rewrite tags that can be used in permalink structures.
+        *
+        * These are translated into the regular expressions stored in
+        * {@link WP_Rewrite::$rewritereplace} and are rewritten to the
+        * query variables listed in {@link WP_Rewrite::$queryreplace}.
+        *
+        * Additional tags can be added with {@link add_rewrite_tag()}.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
+       var $rewritecode = array(
+               '%year%',
+               '%monthnum%',
+               '%day%',
+               '%hour%',
+               '%minute%',
+               '%second%',
+               '%postname%',
+               '%post_id%',
+               '%author%',
+               '%pagename%',
+               '%search%'
+       );
+
+       /**
+        * Regular expressions to be substituted into rewrite rules in place
+        * of rewrite tags, see {@link WP_Rewrite::$rewritecode}.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
+       var $rewritereplace = array(
+               '([0-9]{4})',
+               '([0-9]{1,2})',
+               '([0-9]{1,2})',
+               '([0-9]{1,2})',
+               '([0-9]{1,2})',
+               '([0-9]{1,2})',
+               '([^/]+)',
+               '([0-9]+)',
+               '([^/]+)',
+               '([^/]+?)',
+               '(.+)'
+       );
+
+       /**
+        * Query variables that rewrite tags map to, see {@link WP_Rewrite::$rewritecode}.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
+       var $queryreplace = array(
+               'year=',
+               'monthnum=',
+               'day=',
+               'hour=',
+               'minute=',
+               'second=',
+               'name=',
+               'p=',
+               'author_name=',
+               'pagename=',
+               's='
+       );
+
+       /**
+        * Supported default feeds.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access private
+        * @var array
+        */
+       var $feeds = array( 'feed', 'rdf', 'rss', 'rss2', 'atom' );
+
+       /**
+        * Whether permalinks are being used.
+        *
+        * This can be either rewrite module or permalink in the HTTP query string.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool True, if permalinks are enabled.
+        */
        function using_permalinks() {
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure))
-                       return false;
-               else
-                       return true;
+               return ! empty($this->permalink_structure);
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Whether permalinks are being used and rewrite module is not enabled.
+        *
+        * Means that permalink links are enabled and index.php is in the URL.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool
+        */
        function using_index_permalinks() {
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
+               if ( empty($this->permalink_structure) )
                        return false;
-               }
 
                // If the index is not in the permalink, we're using mod_rewrite.
-               if (preg_match('#^/*' . $this->index . '#', $this->permalink_structure)) {
+               if ( preg_match('#^/*' . $this->index . '#', $this->permalink_structure) )
                        return true;
-               }
 
                return false;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Whether permalinks are being used and rewrite module is enabled.
+        *
+        * Using permalinks and index.php is not in the URL.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool
+        */
        function using_mod_rewrite_permalinks() {
-               if ( $this->using_permalinks() && ! $this->using_index_permalinks())
+               if ( $this->using_permalinks() && ! $this->using_index_permalinks() )
                        return true;
                else
                        return false;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Index for matches for usage in preg_*() functions.
+        *
+        * The format of the string is, with empty matches property value, '$NUM'.
+        * The 'NUM' will be replaced with the value in the $number parameter. With
+        * the matches property not empty, the value of the returned string will
+        * contain that value of the matches property. The format then will be
+        * '$MATCHES[NUM]', with MATCHES as the value in the property and NUM the
+        * value of the $number parameter.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param int $number Index number.
+        * @return string
+        */
        function preg_index($number) {
                $match_prefix = '$';
                $match_suffix = '';
 
-               if (! empty($this->matches)) {
+               if ( ! empty($this->matches) ) {
                        $match_prefix = '$' . $this->matches . '[';
                        $match_suffix = ']';
                }
@@ -281,26 +807,38 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return "$match_prefix$number$match_suffix";
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve all page and attachments for pages URIs.
+        *
+        * The attachments are for those that have pages as parents and will be
+        * retrieved.
+        *
+        * @since 2.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return array Array of page URIs as first element and attachment URIs as second element.
+        */
        function page_uri_index() {
                global $wpdb;
 
                //get pages in order of hierarchy, i.e. children after parents
-               $posts = get_page_hierarchy($wpdb->get_results("SELECT ID, post_name, post_parent FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_type = 'page'"));
+               $posts = get_page_hierarchy( $wpdb->get_results("SELECT ID, post_name, post_parent FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_type = 'page' AND post_status != 'auto-draft'") );
+
+               // If we have no pages get out quick
+               if ( !$posts )
+                       return array( array(), array() );
+
                //now reverse it, because we need parents after children for rewrite rules to work properly
                $posts = array_reverse($posts, true);
 
                $page_uris = array();
                $page_attachment_uris = array();
 
-               if ( !$posts )
-                       return array( array(), array() );
-
-
-               foreach ($posts as $id => $post) {
+               foreach ( $posts as $id => $post ) {
                        // URL => page name
                        $uri = get_page_uri($id);
                        $attachments = $wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT ID, post_name, post_parent FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_type = 'attachment' AND post_parent = %d", $id ));
-                       if ( $attachments ) {
+                       if ( !empty($attachments) ) {
                                foreach ( $attachments as $attachment ) {
                                        $attach_uri = get_page_uri($attachment->ID);
                                        $page_attachment_uris[$attach_uri] = $attachment->ID;
@@ -313,43 +851,46 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return array( $page_uris, $page_attachment_uris );
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve all of the rewrite rules for pages.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return array
+        */
        function page_rewrite_rules() {
-               $rewrite_rules = array();
-               $page_structure = $this->get_page_permastruct();
-
-               if ( ! $this->use_verbose_page_rules ) {
-                       $this->add_rewrite_tag('%pagename%', "(.+?)", 'pagename=');
-                       $rewrite_rules = array_merge($rewrite_rules, $this->generate_rewrite_rules($page_structure, EP_PAGES));
-                       return $rewrite_rules;
-               }
-
-               $page_uris = $this->page_uri_index();
-               $uris = $page_uris[0];
-               $attachment_uris = $page_uris[1];
+               // the extra .? at the beginning prevents clashes with other regular expressions in the rules array
+               $this->add_rewrite_tag( '%pagename%', '(.?.+?)', 'pagename=' );
 
-
-               if( is_array( $attachment_uris ) ) {
-                       foreach ($attachment_uris as $uri => $pagename) {
-                               $this->add_rewrite_tag('%pagename%', "($uri)", 'attachment=');
-                               $rewrite_rules = array_merge($rewrite_rules, $this->generate_rewrite_rules($page_structure, EP_PAGES));
-                       }
-               }
-               if( is_array( $uris ) ) {
-                       foreach ($uris as $uri => $pagename) {
-                               $this->add_rewrite_tag('%pagename%', "($uri)", 'pagename=');
-                               $rewrite_rules = array_merge($rewrite_rules, $this->generate_rewrite_rules($page_structure, EP_PAGES));
-                       }
-               }
-
-               return $rewrite_rules;
+               return $this->generate_rewrite_rules( $this->get_page_permastruct(), EP_PAGES, true, true, false, false );
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve date permalink structure, with year, month, and day.
+        *
+        * The permalink structure for the date, if not set already depends on the
+        * permalink structure. It can be one of three formats. The first is year,
+        * month, day; the second is day, month, year; and the last format is month,
+        * day, year. These are matched against the permalink structure for which
+        * one is used. If none matches, then the default will be used, which is
+        * year, month, day.
+        *
+        * Prevents post ID and date permalinks from overlapping. In the case of
+        * post_id, the date permalink will be prepended with front permalink with
+        * 'date/' before the actual permalink to form the complete date permalink
+        * structure.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool|string False on no permalink structure. Date permalink structure.
+        */
        function get_date_permastruct() {
-               if (isset($this->date_structure)) {
+               if ( isset($this->date_structure) )
                        return $this->date_structure;
-               }
 
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
+               if ( empty($this->permalink_structure) ) {
                        $this->date_structure = '';
                        return false;
                }
@@ -360,8 +901,8 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                $this->date_structure = '';
                $date_endian = '';
 
-               foreach ($endians as $endian) {
-                       if (false !== strpos($this->permalink_structure, $endian)) {
+               foreach ( $endians as $endian ) {
+                       if ( false !== strpos($this->permalink_structure, $endian) ) {
                                $date_endian= $endian;
                                break;
                        }
@@ -375,8 +916,8 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                $front = $this->front;
                preg_match_all('/%.+?%/', $this->permalink_structure, $tokens);
                $tok_index = 1;
-               foreach ($tokens[0] as $token) {
-                       if ( ($token == '%post_id%') && ($tok_index <= 3) ) {
+               foreach ( (array) $tokens[0] as $token) {
+                       if ( '%post_id%' == $token && ($tok_index <= 3) ) {
                                $front = $front . 'date/';
                                break;
                        }
@@ -388,12 +929,22 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $this->date_structure;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the year permalink structure without month and day.
+        *
+        * Gets the date permalink structure and strips out the month and day
+        * permalink structures.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool|string False on failure. Year structure on success.
+        */
        function get_year_permastruct() {
-               $structure = $this->get_date_permastruct($this->permalink_structure);
+               $structure = $this->get_date_permastruct();
 
-               if (empty($structure)) {
+               if ( empty($structure) )
                        return false;
-               }
 
                $structure = str_replace('%monthnum%', '', $structure);
                $structure = str_replace('%day%', '', $structure);
@@ -403,12 +954,22 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $structure;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the month permalink structure without day and with year.
+        *
+        * Gets the date permalink structure and strips out the day permalink
+        * structures. Keeps the year permalink structure.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool|string False on failure. Year/Month structure on success.
+        */
        function get_month_permastruct() {
-               $structure = $this->get_date_permastruct($this->permalink_structure);
+               $structure = $this->get_date_permastruct();
 
-               if (empty($structure)) {
+               if ( empty($structure) )
                        return false;
-               }
 
                $structure = str_replace('%day%', '', $structure);
 
@@ -417,62 +978,90 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $structure;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the day permalink structure with month and year.
+        *
+        * Keeps date permalink structure with all year, month, and day.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool|string False on failure. Year/Month/Day structure on success.
+        */
        function get_day_permastruct() {
-               return $this->get_date_permastruct($this->permalink_structure);
+               return $this->get_date_permastruct();
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the permalink structure for categories.
+        *
+        * If the category_base property has no value, then the category structure
+        * will have the front property value, followed by 'category', and finally
+        * '%category%'. If it does, then the root property will be used, along with
+        * the category_base property value.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool|string False on failure. Category permalink structure.
+        */
        function get_category_permastruct() {
-               if (isset($this->category_structure)) {
-                       return $this->category_structure;
-               }
-
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
-                       $this->category_structure = '';
-                       return false;
-               }
-
-               if (empty($this->category_base))
-                       $this->category_structure = $this->front . 'category/';
-               else
-                       $this->category_structure = $this->category_base . '/';
-
-               $this->category_structure .= '%category%';
-
-               return $this->category_structure;
+               return $this->get_extra_permastruct('category');
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the permalink structure for tags.
+        *
+        * If the tag_base property has no value, then the tag structure will have
+        * the front property value, followed by 'tag', and finally '%tag%'. If it
+        * does, then the root property will be used, along with the tag_base
+        * property value.
+        *
+        * @since 2.3.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return bool|string False on failure. Tag permalink structure.
+        */
        function get_tag_permastruct() {
-               if (isset($this->tag_structure)) {
-                       return $this->tag_structure;
-               }
-
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
-                       $this->tag_structure = '';
-                       return false;
-               }
-
-               if (empty($this->tag_base))
-                       $this->tag_structure = $this->front . 'tag/';
-               else
-                       $this->tag_structure = $this->tag_base . '/';
-
-               $this->tag_structure .= '%tag%';
-
-               return $this->tag_structure;
+               return $this->get_extra_permastruct('post_tag');
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve extra permalink structure by name.
+        *
+        * @since 2.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $name Permalink structure name.
+        * @return string|bool False if not found. Permalink structure string.
+        */
        function get_extra_permastruct($name) {
+               if ( empty($this->permalink_structure) )
+                       return false;
+
                if ( isset($this->extra_permastructs[$name]) )
-                       return $this->extra_permastructs[$name];
+                       return $this->extra_permastructs[$name]['struct'];
+
                return false;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the author permalink structure.
+        *
+        * The permalink structure is front property, author base, and finally
+        * '/%author%'. Will set the author_structure property and then return it
+        * without attempting to set the value again.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return string|bool False if not found. Permalink structure string.
+        */
        function get_author_permastruct() {
-               if (isset($this->author_structure)) {
+               if ( isset($this->author_structure) )
                        return $this->author_structure;
-               }
 
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
+               if ( empty($this->permalink_structure) ) {
                        $this->author_structure = '';
                        return false;
                }
@@ -482,12 +1071,23 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $this->author_structure;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the search permalink structure.
+        *
+        * The permalink structure is root property, search base, and finally
+        * '/%search%'. Will set the search_structure property and then return it
+        * without attempting to set the value again.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return string|bool False if not found. Permalink structure string.
+        */
        function get_search_permastruct() {
-               if (isset($this->search_structure)) {
+               if ( isset($this->search_structure) )
                        return $this->search_structure;
-               }
 
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
+               if ( empty($this->permalink_structure) ) {
                        $this->search_structure = '';
                        return false;
                }
@@ -497,10 +1097,21 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $this->search_structure;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the page permalink structure.
+        *
+        * The permalink structure is root property, and '%pagename%'. Will set the
+        * page_structure property and then return it without attempting to set the
+        * value again.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return string|bool False if not found. Permalink structure string.
+        */
        function get_page_permastruct() {
-               if (isset($this->page_structure)) {
+               if ( isset($this->page_structure) )
                        return $this->page_structure;
-               }
 
                if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
                        $this->page_structure = '';
@@ -512,12 +1123,23 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $this->page_structure;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the feed permalink structure.
+        *
+        * The permalink structure is root property, feed base, and finally
+        * '/%feed%'. Will set the feed_structure property and then return it
+        * without attempting to set the value again.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return string|bool False if not found. Permalink structure string.
+        */
        function get_feed_permastruct() {
-               if (isset($this->feed_structure)) {
+               if ( isset($this->feed_structure) )
                        return $this->feed_structure;
-               }
 
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
+               if ( empty($this->permalink_structure) ) {
                        $this->feed_structure = '';
                        return false;
                }
@@ -527,10 +1149,21 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $this->feed_structure;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the comment feed permalink structure.
+        *
+        * The permalink structure is root property, comment base property, feed
+        * base and finally '/%feed%'. Will set the comment_feed_structure property
+        * and then return it without attempting to set the value again.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return string|bool False if not found. Permalink structure string.
+        */
        function get_comment_feed_permastruct() {
-               if (isset($this->comment_feed_structure)) {
+               if ( isset($this->comment_feed_structure) )
                        return $this->comment_feed_structure;
-               }
 
                if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
                        $this->comment_feed_structure = '';
@@ -542,41 +1175,74 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $this->comment_feed_structure;
        }
 
-       function add_rewrite_tag($tag, $pattern, $query) {
-               // If the tag already exists, replace the existing pattern and query for
-               // that tag, otherwise add the new tag, pattern, and query to the end of
-               // the arrays.
-               $position = array_search($tag, $this->rewritecode);
-               if (FALSE !== $position && NULL !== $position) {
-                       $this->rewritereplace[$position] = $pattern;
-                       $this->queryreplace[$position] = $query;
+       /**
+        * Add or update existing rewrite tags (e.g. %postname%).
+        *
+        * If the tag already exists, replace the existing pattern and query for
+        * that tag, otherwise add the new tag.
+        *
+        * @see WP_Rewrite::$rewritecode
+        * @see WP_Rewrite::$rewritereplace
+        * @see WP_Rewrite::$queryreplace
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $tag Name of the rewrite tag to add or update.
+        * @param string $regex Regular expression to substitute the tag for in rewrite rules.
+        * @param string $query String to append to the rewritten query. Must end in '='.
+        */
+       function add_rewrite_tag( $tag, $regex, $query ) {
+               $position = array_search( $tag, $this->rewritecode );
+               if ( false !== $position && null !== $position ) {
+                       $this->rewritereplace[ $position ] = $regex;
+                       $this->queryreplace[ $position ] = $query;
                } else {
                        $this->rewritecode[] = $tag;
-                       $this->rewritereplace[] = $pattern;
+                       $this->rewritereplace[] = $regex;
                        $this->queryreplace[] = $query;
                }
        }
 
-       //the main WP_Rewrite function. generate the rules from permalink structure
+       /**
+        * Generate rewrite rules from a permalink structure.
+        *
+        * The main WP_Rewrite function for building the rewrite rule list. The
+        * contents of the function is a mix of black magic and regular expressions,
+        * so best just ignore the contents and move to the parameters.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $permalink_structure The permalink structure.
+        * @param int $ep_mask Endpoint mask defining what endpoints are added to the structure. Default is EP_NONE.
+        * @param bool $paged Should archive pagination rules be added for the structure? Default is true.
+        * @param bool $feed Should feed rewrite rules be added for the structure? Default is true.
+        * @param bool $forcomments Should the feed rules be a query for a comments feed? Default is false.
+        * @param bool $walk_dirs Should the 'directories' making up the structure be walked over and rewrite rules
+        *                        built for each in turn? Default is true.
+        * @param bool $endpoints Should endpoints be applied to the generated rewrite rules? Default is true.
+        * @return array Rewrite rule list.
+        */
        function generate_rewrite_rules($permalink_structure, $ep_mask = EP_NONE, $paged = true, $feed = true, $forcomments = false, $walk_dirs = true, $endpoints = true) {
                //build a regex to match the feed section of URLs, something like (feed|atom|rss|rss2)/?
                $feedregex2 = '';
-               foreach ($this->feeds as $feed_name) {
+               foreach ( (array) $this->feeds as $feed_name)
                        $feedregex2 .= $feed_name . '|';
-               }
-               $feedregex2 = '(' . trim($feedregex2, '|') .  ')/?$';
+               $feedregex2 = '(' . trim($feedregex2, '|') . ')/?$';
+
                //$feedregex is identical but with /feed/ added on as well, so URLs like <permalink>/feed/atom
                //and <permalink>/atom are both possible
-               $feedregex = $this->feed_base  . '/' . $feedregex2;
+               $feedregex = $this->feed_base . '/' . $feedregex2;
 
                //build a regex to match the trackback and page/xx parts of URLs
                $trackbackregex = 'trackback/?$';
-               $pageregex = 'page/?([0-9]{1,})/?$';
+               $pageregex = $this->pagination_base . '/?([0-9]{1,})/?$';
+               $commentregex = 'comment-page-([0-9]{1,})/?$';
 
                //build up an array of endpoint regexes to append => queries to append
-               if ($endpoints) {
+               if ( $endpoints ) {
                        $ep_query_append = array ();
-                       foreach ($this->endpoints as $endpoint) {
+                       foreach ( (array) $this->endpoints as $endpoint) {
                                //match everything after the endpoint name, but allow for nothing to appear there
                                $epmatch = $endpoint[1] . '(/(.*))?/?$';
                                //this will be appended on to the rest of the query for each dir
@@ -597,12 +1263,11 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                $trackbackindex = $index;
                //build a list from the rewritecode and queryreplace arrays, that will look something like
                //tagname=$matches[i] where i is the current $i
-               for ($i = 0; $i < $num_tokens; ++$i) {
-                       if (0 < $i) {
+               for ( $i = 0; $i < $num_tokens; ++$i ) {
+                       if ( 0 < $i )
                                $queries[$i] = $queries[$i - 1] . '&';
-                       } else {
+                       else
                                $queries[$i] = '';
-                       }
 
                        $query_token = str_replace($this->rewritecode, $this->queryreplace, $tokens[0][$i]) . $this->preg_index($i+1);
                        $queries[$i] .= $query_token;
@@ -610,18 +1275,14 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
 
                //get the structure, minus any cruft (stuff that isn't tags) at the front
                $structure = $permalink_structure;
-               if ($front != '/') {
+               if ( $front != '/' )
                        $structure = str_replace($front, '', $structure);
-               }
+
                //create a list of dirs to walk over, making rewrite rules for each level
-               //so for example, a $structure of /%year%/%month%/%postname% would create
-               //rewrite rules for /%year%/, /%year%/%month%/ and /%year%/%month%/%postname%
+               //so for example, a $structure of /%year%/%monthnum%/%postname% would create
+               //rewrite rules for /%year%/, /%year%/%monthnum%/ and /%year%/%monthnum%/%postname%
                $structure = trim($structure, '/');
-               if ($walk_dirs) {
-                       $dirs = explode('/', $structure);
-               } else {
-                       $dirs[] = $structure;
-               }
+               $dirs = $walk_dirs ? explode('/', $structure) : array( $structure );
                $num_dirs = count($dirs);
 
                //strip slashes from the front of $front
@@ -630,28 +1291,49 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                //the main workhorse loop
                $post_rewrite = array();
                $struct = $front;
-               for ($j = 0; $j < $num_dirs; ++$j) {
+               for ( $j = 0; $j < $num_dirs; ++$j ) {
                        //get the struct for this dir, and trim slashes off the front
                        $struct .= $dirs[$j] . '/'; //accumulate. see comment near explode('/', $structure) above
                        $struct = ltrim($struct, '/');
+
                        //replace tags with regexes
                        $match = str_replace($this->rewritecode, $this->rewritereplace, $struct);
+
                        //make a list of tags, and store how many there are in $num_toks
                        $num_toks = preg_match_all('/%.+?%/', $struct, $toks);
+
                        //get the 'tagname=$matches[i]'
-                       $query = ( isset($queries) && is_array($queries) ) ? $queries[$num_toks - 1] : '';
+                       $query = ( isset($queries) && is_array($queries) && !empty($num_toks) ) ? $queries[$num_toks - 1] : '';
 
                        //set up $ep_mask_specific which is used to match more specific URL types
-                       switch ($dirs[$j]) {
-                               case '%year%': $ep_mask_specific = EP_YEAR; break;
-                               case '%monthnum%': $ep_mask_specific = EP_MONTH; break;
-                               case '%day%': $ep_mask_specific = EP_DAY; break;
+                       switch ( $dirs[$j] ) {
+                               case '%year%':
+                                       $ep_mask_specific = EP_YEAR;
+                                       break;
+                               case '%monthnum%':
+                                       $ep_mask_specific = EP_MONTH;
+                                       break;
+                               case '%day%':
+                                       $ep_mask_specific = EP_DAY;
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       $ep_mask_specific = EP_NONE;
                        }
 
                        //create query for /page/xx
                        $pagematch = $match . $pageregex;
                        $pagequery = $index . '?' . $query . '&paged=' . $this->preg_index($num_toks + 1);
 
+                       //create query for /comment-page-xx
+                       $commentmatch = $match . $commentregex;
+                       $commentquery = $index . '?' . $query . '&cpage=' . $this->preg_index($num_toks + 1);
+
+                       if ( get_option('page_on_front') ) {
+                               //create query for Root /comment-page-xx
+                               $rootcommentmatch = $match . $commentregex;
+                               $rootcommentquery = $index . '?' . $query . '&page_id=' . get_option('page_on_front') . '&cpage=' . $this->preg_index($num_toks + 1);
+                       }
+
                        //create query for /feed/(feed|atom|rss|rss2|rdf)
                        $feedmatch = $match . $feedregex;
                        $feedquery = $feedindex . '?' . $query . '&feed=' . $this->preg_index($num_toks + 1);
@@ -661,30 +1343,35 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                        $feedquery2 = $feedindex . '?' . $query . '&feed=' . $this->preg_index($num_toks + 1);
 
                        //if asked to, turn the feed queries into comment feed ones
-                       if ($forcomments) {
+                       if ( $forcomments ) {
                                $feedquery .= '&withcomments=1';
                                $feedquery2 .= '&withcomments=1';
                        }
 
                        //start creating the array of rewrites for this dir
                        $rewrite = array();
-                       if ($feed) //...adding on /feed/ regexes => queries
+                       if ( $feed ) //...adding on /feed/ regexes => queries
                                $rewrite = array($feedmatch => $feedquery, $feedmatch2 => $feedquery2);
-                       if ($paged) //...and /page/xx ones
+                       if ( $paged ) //...and /page/xx ones
                                $rewrite = array_merge($rewrite, array($pagematch => $pagequery));
 
+                       //only on pages with comments add ../comment-page-xx/
+                       if ( EP_PAGES & $ep_mask || EP_PERMALINK & $ep_mask )
+                               $rewrite = array_merge($rewrite, array($commentmatch => $commentquery));
+                       else if ( EP_ROOT & $ep_mask && get_option('page_on_front') )
+                               $rewrite = array_merge($rewrite, array($rootcommentmatch => $rootcommentquery));
+
                        //do endpoints
-                       if ($endpoints) {
-                               foreach ($ep_query_append as $regex => $ep) {
+                       if ( $endpoints ) {
+                               foreach ( (array) $ep_query_append as $regex => $ep) {
                                        //add the endpoints on if the mask fits
-                                       if ($ep[0] & $ep_mask || $ep[0] & $ep_mask_specific) {
+                                       if ( $ep[0] & $ep_mask || $ep[0] & $ep_mask_specific )
                                                $rewrite[$match . $regex] = $index . '?' . $query . $ep[1] . $this->preg_index($num_toks + 2);
-                                       }
                                }
                        }
 
                        //if we've got some tags in this dir
-                       if ($num_toks) {
+                       if ( $num_toks ) {
                                $post = false;
                                $page = false;
 
@@ -692,32 +1379,43 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                                //individual post. Do this by checking it contains at least one of 1) post name,
                                //2) post ID, 3) page name, 4) timestamp (year, month, day, hour, second and
                                //minute all present). Set these flags now as we need them for the endpoints.
-                               if (strpos($struct, '%postname%') !== false || strpos($struct, '%post_id%') !== false
+                               if ( strpos($struct, '%postname%') !== false
+                                               || strpos($struct, '%post_id%') !== false
                                                || strpos($struct, '%pagename%') !== false
-                                               || (strpos($struct, '%year%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%monthnum%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%day%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%hour%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%minute%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%second%') !== false)) {
+                                               || (strpos($struct, '%year%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%monthnum%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%day%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%hour%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%minute%') !== false && strpos($struct, '%second%') !== false)
+                                               ) {
                                        $post = true;
-                                       if (strpos($struct, '%pagename%') !== false)
+                                       if ( strpos($struct, '%pagename%') !== false )
                                                $page = true;
                                }
 
+                               if ( ! $post ) {
+                                       // For custom post types, we need to add on endpoints as well.
+                                       foreach ( get_post_types( array('_builtin' => false ) ) as $ptype ) {
+                                               if ( strpos($struct, "%$ptype%") !== false ) {
+                                                       $post = true;
+                                                       $page = is_post_type_hierarchical( $ptype ); // This is for page style attachment url's
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+
                                //if we're creating rules for a permalink, do all the endpoints like attachments etc
-                               if ($post) {
-                                       $post = true;
+                               if ( $post ) {
                                        //create query and regex for trackback
                                        $trackbackmatch = $match . $trackbackregex;
                                        $trackbackquery = $trackbackindex . '?' . $query . '&tb=1';
                                        //trim slashes from the end of the regex for this dir
                                        $match = rtrim($match, '/');
                                        //get rid of brackets
-                                       $submatchbase = str_replace(array('(',')'),'',$match);
+                                       $submatchbase = str_replace( array('(', ')'), '', $match);
 
                                        //add a rule for at attachments, which take the form of <permalink>/some-text
                                        $sub1 = $submatchbase . '/([^/]+)/';
                                        $sub1tb = $sub1 . $trackbackregex; //add trackback regex <permalink>/trackback/...
                                        $sub1feed = $sub1 . $feedregex; //and <permalink>/feed/(atom|...)
                                        $sub1feed2 = $sub1 . $feedregex2; //and <permalink>/(feed|atom...)
-                                       //add an ? as we don't have to match that last slash, and finally a $ so we
-                                       //match to the end of the URL
+                                       $sub1comment = $sub1 . $commentregex; //and <permalink>/comment-page-xx
 
                                        //add another rule to match attachments in the explicit form:
                                        //<permalink>/attachment/some-text
@@ -725,25 +1423,31 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                                        $sub2tb = $sub2 . $trackbackregex; //and add trackbacks <permalink>/attachment/trackback
                                        $sub2feed = $sub2 . $feedregex;    //feeds, <permalink>/attachment/feed/(atom|...)
                                        $sub2feed2 = $sub2 . $feedregex2;  //and feeds again on to this <permalink>/attachment/(feed|atom...)
+                                       $sub2comment = $sub2 . $commentregex; //and <permalink>/comment-page-xx
 
                                        //create queries for these extra tag-ons we've just dealt with
                                        $subquery = $index . '?attachment=' . $this->preg_index(1);
                                        $subtbquery = $subquery . '&tb=1';
                                        $subfeedquery = $subquery . '&feed=' . $this->preg_index(2);
+                                       $subcommentquery = $subquery . '&cpage=' . $this->preg_index(2);
 
                                        //do endpoints for attachments
-                                       if (! empty($endpoint) ) { foreach ($ep_query_append as $regex => $ep) {
-                                               if ($ep[0] & EP_ATTACHMENT) {
-                                                       $rewrite[$sub1 . $regex] = $subquery . '?' . $ep[1] . $this->preg_index(2);
-                                                       $rewrite[$sub2 . $regex] = $subquery . '?' . $ep[1] . $this->preg_index(2);
+                                       if ( !empty($endpoints) ) {
+                                               foreach ( (array) $ep_query_append as $regex => $ep ) {
+                                                       if ( $ep[0] & EP_ATTACHMENT ) {
+                                                               $rewrite[$sub1 . $regex] = $subquery . $ep[1] . $this->preg_index(2);
+                                                               $rewrite[$sub2 . $regex] = $subquery . $ep[1] . $this->preg_index(2);
+                                                       }
                                                }
-                                       } }
+                                       }
 
                                        //now we've finished with endpoints, finish off the $sub1 and $sub2 matches
+                                       //add a ? as we don't have to match that last slash, and finally a $ so we
+                                       //match to the end of the URL
                                        $sub1 .= '?$';
                                        $sub2 .= '?$';
 
-                                       //allow URLs like <permalink>/2 for <permalink>/page/2
+                                       //post pagination, e.g. <permalink>/2/
                                        $match = $match . '(/[0-9]+)?/?$';
                                        $query = $index . '?' . $query . '&page=' . $this->preg_index($num_toks + 1);
                                } else { //not matching a permalink so this is a lot simpler
@@ -758,14 +1462,14 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                                $rewrite = array_merge($rewrite, array($match => $query));
 
                                //if we're matching a permalink, add those extras (attachments etc) on
-                               if ($post) {
+                               if ( $post ) {
                                        //add trackback
                                        $rewrite = array_merge(array($trackbackmatch => $trackbackquery), $rewrite);
 
                                        //add regexes/queries for attachments, attachment trackbacks and so on
                                        if ( ! $page ) //require <permalink>/attachment/stuff form for pages because of confusion with subpages
-                                               $rewrite = array_merge($rewrite, array($sub1 => $subquery, $sub1tb => $subtbquery, $sub1feed => $subfeedquery, $sub1feed2 => $subfeedquery));
-                                       $rewrite = array_merge(array($sub2 => $subquery, $sub2tb => $subtbquery, $sub2feed => $subfeedquery, $sub2feed2 => $subfeedquery), $rewrite);
+                                               $rewrite = array_merge($rewrite, array($sub1 => $subquery, $sub1tb => $subtbquery, $sub1feed => $subfeedquery, $sub1feed2 => $subfeedquery, $sub1comment => $subcommentquery));
+                                       $rewrite = array_merge(array($sub2 => $subquery, $sub2tb => $subtbquery, $sub2feed => $subfeedquery, $sub2feed2 => $subfeedquery, $sub2comment => $subcommentquery), $rewrite);
                                }
                        } //if($num_toks)
                        //add the rules for this dir to the accumulating $post_rewrite
@@ -774,34 +1478,66 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $post_rewrite; //the finished rules. phew!
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Generate Rewrite rules with permalink structure and walking directory only.
+        *
+        * Shorten version of {@link WP_Rewrite::generate_rewrite_rules()} that
+        * allows for shorter list of parameters. See the method for longer
+        * description of what generating rewrite rules does.
+        *
+        * @uses WP_Rewrite::generate_rewrite_rules() See for long description and rest of parameters.
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $permalink_structure The permalink structure to generate rules.
+        * @param bool $walk_dirs Optional, default is false. Whether to create list of directories to walk over.
+        * @return array
+        */
        function generate_rewrite_rule($permalink_structure, $walk_dirs = false) {
                return $this->generate_rewrite_rules($permalink_structure, EP_NONE, false, false, false, $walk_dirs);
        }
 
-       /* rewrite_rules
+       /**
         * Construct rewrite matches and queries from permalink structure.
-        * Returns an associate array of matches and queries.
+        *
+        * Runs the action 'generate_rewrite_rules' with the parameter that is an
+        * reference to the current WP_Rewrite instance to further manipulate the
+        * permalink structures and rewrite rules. Runs the 'rewrite_rules_array'
+        * filter on the full rewrite rule array.
+        *
+        * There are two ways to manipulate the rewrite rules, one by hooking into
+        * the 'generate_rewrite_rules' action and gaining full control of the
+        * object or just manipulating the rewrite rule array before it is passed
+        * from the function.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return array An associate array of matches and queries.
         */
        function rewrite_rules() {
                $rewrite = array();
 
-               if (empty($this->permalink_structure)) {
+               if ( empty($this->permalink_structure) )
                        return $rewrite;
-               }
 
-               // robots.txt
-               $robots_rewrite = array('robots.txt$' => $this->index . '?robots=1');
+               // robots.txt -only if installed at the root
+               $home_path = parse_url( home_url() );
+               $robots_rewrite = ( empty( $home_path['path'] ) || '/' == $home_path['path'] ) ? array( 'robots\.txt$' => $this->index . '?robots=1' ) : array();
 
-               //Default Feed rules - These are require to allow for the direct access files to work with permalink structure starting with %category%
-               $default_feeds = array( '.*/wp-atom.php$'       =>      $this->index .'?feed=atom',
-                                                               '.*/wp-rdf.php$'        =>      $this->index .'?feed=rdf',
-                                                               '.*/wp-rss.php$'        =>      $this->index .'?feed=rss',
-                                                               '.*/wp-rss2.php$'       =>      $this->index .'?feed=rss2',
-                                                               '.*/wp-feed.php$'       =>      $this->index .'?feed=feed',
-                                                               '.*/wp-commentsrss2.php$'       =>      $this->index . '?feed=rss2&withcomments=1');
+               // Old feed files
+               $old_feed_files = array( '.*wp-(atom|rdf|rss|rss2|feed|commentsrss2)\.php$' => $this->index . '?feed=old' );
+
+               // Registration rules
+               $registration_pages = array();
+               if ( is_multisite() && is_main_site() ) {
+                       $registration_pages['.*wp-signup.php$'] = $this->index . '?signup=true';
+                       $registration_pages['.*wp-activate.php$'] = $this->index . '?activate=true';
+               }
+               $registration_pages['.*wp-register.php$'] = $this->index . '?register=true'; // Deprecated
 
                // Post
-               $post_rewrite = $this->generate_rewrite_rules($this->permalink_structure, EP_PERMALINK);
+               $post_rewrite = $this->generate_rewrite_rules( $this->permalink_structure, EP_PERMALINK, false );
                $post_rewrite = apply_filters('post_rewrite_rules', $post_rewrite);
 
                // Date
@@ -821,14 +1557,6 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                $search_rewrite = $this->generate_rewrite_rules($search_structure, EP_SEARCH);
                $search_rewrite = apply_filters('search_rewrite_rules', $search_rewrite);
 
-               // Categories
-               $category_rewrite = $this->generate_rewrite_rules($this->get_category_permastruct(), EP_CATEGORIES);
-               $category_rewrite = apply_filters('category_rewrite_rules', $category_rewrite);
-
-               // Tags
-               $tag_rewrite = $this->generate_rewrite_rules($this->get_tag_permastruct(), EP_TAGS);
-               $tag_rewrite = apply_filters('tag_rewrite_rules', $tag_rewrite);
-
                // Authors
                $author_rewrite = $this->generate_rewrite_rules($this->get_author_permastruct(), EP_AUTHORS);
                $author_rewrite = apply_filters('author_rewrite_rules', $author_rewrite);
@@ -838,14 +1566,28 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                $page_rewrite = apply_filters('page_rewrite_rules', $page_rewrite);
 
                // Extra permastructs
-               foreach ( $this->extra_permastructs as $permastruct )
-                       $this->extra_rules_top = array_merge($this->extra_rules_top, $this->generate_rewrite_rules($permastruct, EP_NONE));
+               foreach ( $this->extra_permastructs as $permastructname => $struct ) {
+                       if ( is_array( $struct ) ) {
+                               if ( count( $struct ) == 2 )
+                                       $rules = $this->generate_rewrite_rules( $struct[0], $struct[1] );
+                               else
+                                       $rules = $this->generate_rewrite_rules( $struct['struct'], $struct['ep_mask'], $struct['paged'], $struct['feed'], $struct['forcomments'], $struct['walk_dirs'], $struct['endpoints'] );
+                       } else {
+                               $rules = $this->generate_rewrite_rules( $struct );
+                       }
+
+                       $rules = apply_filters($permastructname . '_rewrite_rules', $rules);
+                       if ( 'post_tag' == $permastructname )
+                               $rules = apply_filters('tag_rewrite_rules', $rules);
+
+                       $this->extra_rules_top = array_merge($this->extra_rules_top, $rules);
+               }
 
                // Put them together.
                if ( $this->use_verbose_page_rules )
-                       $this->rules = array_merge($this->extra_rules_top, $robots_rewrite, $default_feeds, $page_rewrite, $root_rewrite, $comments_rewrite, $search_rewrite, $category_rewrite, $tag_rewrite, $author_rewrite, $date_rewrite, $post_rewrite, $this->extra_rules);
+                       $this->rules = array_merge($this->extra_rules_top, $robots_rewrite, $old_feed_files, $registration_pages, $root_rewrite, $comments_rewrite, $search_rewrite,  $author_rewrite, $date_rewrite, $page_rewrite, $post_rewrite, $this->extra_rules);
                else
-                       $this->rules = array_merge($this->extra_rules_top, $robots_rewrite, $default_feeds, $root_rewrite, $comments_rewrite, $search_rewrite, $category_rewrite, $tag_rewrite, $author_rewrite, $date_rewrite, $post_rewrite, $page_rewrite, $this->extra_rules);
+                       $this->rules = array_merge($this->extra_rules_top, $robots_rewrite, $old_feed_files, $registration_pages, $root_rewrite, $comments_rewrite, $search_rewrite,  $author_rewrite, $date_rewrite, $post_rewrite, $page_rewrite, $this->extra_rules);
 
                do_action_ref_array('generate_rewrite_rules', array(&$this));
                $this->rules = apply_filters('rewrite_rules_array', $this->rules);
@@ -853,6 +1595,20 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $this->rules;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve the rewrite rules.
+        *
+        * The difference between this method and {@link
+        * WP_Rewrite::rewrite_rules()} is that this method stores the rewrite rules
+        * in the 'rewrite_rules' option and retrieves it. This prevents having to
+        * process all of the permalinks to get the rewrite rules in the form of
+        * caching.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return array Rewrite rules.
+        */
        function wp_rewrite_rules() {
                $this->rules = get_option('rewrite_rules');
                if ( empty($this->rules) ) {
@@ -864,36 +1620,54 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $this->rules;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Retrieve mod_rewrite formatted rewrite rules to write to .htaccess.
+        *
+        * Does not actually write to the .htaccess file, but creates the rules for
+        * the process that will.
+        *
+        * Will add the non_wp_rules property rules to the .htaccess file before
+        * the WordPress rewrite rules one.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return string
+        */
        function mod_rewrite_rules() {
-               if ( ! $this->using_permalinks()) {
+               if ( ! $this->using_permalinks() )
                        return '';
-               }
 
                $site_root = parse_url(get_option('siteurl'));
-               $site_root = trailingslashit($site_root['path']);
+               if ( isset( $site_root['path'] ) )
+                       $site_root = trailingslashit($site_root['path']);
 
-               $home_root = parse_url(get_option('home'));
-               $home_root = trailingslashit($home_root['path']);
+               $home_root = parse_url(home_url());
+               if ( isset( $home_root['path'] ) )
+                       $home_root = trailingslashit($home_root['path']);
+               else
+                       $home_root = '/';
 
                $rules = "<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>\n";
                $rules .= "RewriteEngine On\n";
                $rules .= "RewriteBase $home_root\n";
+               $rules .= "RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]\n"; // Prevent -f checks on index.php.
 
                //add in the rules that don't redirect to WP's index.php (and thus shouldn't be handled by WP at all)
-               foreach ($this->non_wp_rules as $match => $query) {
+               foreach ( (array) $this->non_wp_rules as $match => $query) {
                        // Apache 1.3 does not support the reluctant (non-greedy) modifier.
                        $match = str_replace('.+?', '.+', $match);
 
                        // If the match is unanchored and greedy, prepend rewrite conditions
                        // to avoid infinite redirects and eclipsing of real files.
-                       if ($match == '(.+)/?$' || $match == '([^/]+)/?$' ) {
+                       //if ($match == '(.+)/?$' || $match == '([^/]+)/?$' ) {
                                //nada.
-                       }
+                       //}
 
                        $rules .= 'RewriteRule ^' . $match . ' ' . $home_root . $query . " [QSA,L]\n";
                }
 
-               if ($this->use_verbose_rules) {
+               if ( $this->use_verbose_rules ) {
                        $this->matches = '';
                        $rewrite = $this->rewrite_rules();
                        $num_rules = count($rewrite);
@@ -901,21 +1675,20 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                                "RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d\n" .
                                "RewriteRule ^.*$ - [S=$num_rules]\n";
 
-                       foreach ($rewrite as $match => $query) {
+                       foreach ( (array) $rewrite as $match => $query) {
                                // Apache 1.3 does not support the reluctant (non-greedy) modifier.
                                $match = str_replace('.+?', '.+', $match);
 
                                // If the match is unanchored and greedy, prepend rewrite conditions
                                // to avoid infinite redirects and eclipsing of real files.
-                               if ($match == '(.+)/?$' || $match == '([^/]+)/?$' ) {
+                               //if ($match == '(.+)/?$' || $match == '([^/]+)/?$' ) {
                                        //nada.
-                               }
+                               //}
 
-                               if (strpos($query, $this->index) !== false) {
+                               if ( strpos($query, $this->index) !== false )
                                        $rules .= 'RewriteRule ^' . $match . ' ' . $home_root . $query . " [QSA,L]\n";
-                               } else {
+                               else
                                        $rules .= 'RewriteRule ^' . $match . ' ' . $site_root . $query . " [QSA,L]\n";
-                               }
                        }
                } else {
                        $rules .= "RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f\n" .
@@ -931,12 +1704,128 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                return $rules;
        }
 
-       //Add a straight rewrite rule
+       /**
+        * Retrieve IIS7 URL Rewrite formatted rewrite rules to write to web.config file.
+        *
+        * Does not actually write to the web.config file, but creates the rules for
+        * the process that will.
+        *
+        * @since 2.8.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return string
+        */
+       function iis7_url_rewrite_rules( $add_parent_tags = false ) {
+
+               if ( ! $this->using_permalinks() )
+                       return '';
+               $rules = '';
+               if ( $add_parent_tags ) {
+                       $rules .= '<configuration>
+       <system.webServer>
+               <rewrite>
+                       <rules>';
+               }
+               if ( !is_multisite() ) {
+                       $rules .= '
+                               <rule name="wordpress" patternSyntax="Wildcard">
+                                       <match url="*" />
+                                               <conditions>
+                                                       <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" negate="true" />
+                                                       <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" negate="true" />
+                                               </conditions>
+                                       <action type="Rewrite" url="index.php" />
+                               </rule>';
+               } else {
+                       if (is_subdomain_install()) {
+                               $rules .= '
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 1" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^index\.php$" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="None" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 2" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^files/(.+)" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="Rewrite" url="wp-includes/ms-files.php?file={R:1}" appendQueryString="false" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 3" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <conditions logicalGrouping="MatchAny">
+                                               <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                               <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       </conditions>
+                                       <action type="None" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 4" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="." ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="Rewrite" url="index.php" />
+                               </rule>';
+                       } else {
+                               $rules .= '
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 1" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^index\.php$" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="None" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 2" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^([_0-9a-zA-Z-]+/)?files/(.+)" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="Rewrite" url="wp-includes/ms-files.php?file={R:2}" appendQueryString="false" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 3" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^([_0-9a-zA-Z-]+/)?wp-admin$" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="Redirect" url="{R:1}wp-admin/" redirectType="Permanent" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 4" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <conditions logicalGrouping="MatchAny">
+                                               <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                               <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       </conditions>
+                                       <action type="None" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 5" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^([_0-9a-zA-Z-]+/)?(wp-(content|admin|includes).*)" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="Rewrite" url="{R:1}" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 6" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="^([_0-9a-zA-Z-]+/)?(.*\.php)$" ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="Rewrite" url="{R:2}" />
+                               </rule>
+                               <rule name="wordpress - Rule 7" stopProcessing="true">
+                                       <match url="." ignoreCase="false" />
+                                       <action type="Rewrite" url="index.php" />
+                               </rule>';
+                       }
+               }
+               if ( $add_parent_tags ) {
+                       $rules .= '
+                       </rules>
+               </rewrite>
+       </system.webServer>
+</configuration>';
+               }
+
+               $rules = apply_filters('iis7_url_rewrite_rules', $rules);
+
+               return $rules;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Add a straight rewrite rule.
+        *
+        * Any value in the $after parameter that isn't 'bottom' will be placed at
+        * the top of the rules.
+        *
+        * @since 2.1.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $regex Regular expression to match against request.
+        * @param string $redirect URL regex redirects to when regex matches request.
+        * @param string $after Optional, default is bottom. Location to place rule.
+        */
        function add_rule($regex, $redirect, $after = 'bottom') {
                //get everything up to the first ?
                $index = (strpos($redirect, '?') == false ? strlen($redirect) : strpos($redirect, '?'));
                $front = substr($redirect, 0, $index);
-               if ($front != $this->index) { //it doesn't redirect to WP's index.php
+               if ( $front != $this->index ) { //it doesn't redirect to WP's index.php
                        $this->add_external_rule($regex, $redirect);
                } else {
                        if ( 'bottom' == $after)
@@ -947,87 +1836,218 @@ class WP_Rewrite {
                }
        }
 
-       //add a rule that doesn't redirect to index.php
+       /**
+        * Add a rule that doesn't redirect to index.php.
+        *
+        * Can redirect to any place.
+        *
+        * @since 2.1.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $regex Regular expression to match against request.
+        * @param string $redirect URL regex redirects to when regex matches request.
+        */
        function add_external_rule($regex, $redirect) {
                $this->non_wp_rules[$regex] = $redirect;
        }
 
-       //add an endpoint, like /trackback/, to be inserted after certain URL types (specified in $places)
+       /**
+        * Add an endpoint, like /trackback/.
+        *
+        * See {@link add_rewrite_endpoint()} for full documentation.
+        *
+        * @see add_rewrite_endpoint()
+        * @since 2.1.0
+        * @access public
+        * @uses WP::add_query_var()
+        *
+        * @param string $name Name of the endpoint.
+        * @param int $places Endpoint mask describing the places the endpoint should be added.
+        */
        function add_endpoint($name, $places) {
                global $wp;
                $this->endpoints[] = array ( $places, $name );
                $wp->add_query_var($name);
        }
 
-       function add_permastruct($name, $struct, $with_front = true) {
-               if ( $with_front )
+       /**
+        * Add a new permalink structure.
+        *
+        * A permalink structure (permastruct) is an abstract definition of a set of rewrite rules; it
+        * is an easy way of expressing a set of regular expressions that rewrite to a set of query strings.
+        * The new permastruct is added to the {@link WP_Rewrite::$extra_permastructs} array. When the
+        * rewrite rules are built by {@link WP_Rewrite::rewrite_rules()} all of these extra permastructs
+        * are passed to {@link WP_Rewrite::generate_rewrite_rules()} which transforms them into the
+        * regular expressions that many love to hate.
+        *
+        * The $args parameter gives you control over how {@link WP_Rewrite::generate_rewrite_rules()}
+        * works on the new permastruct.
+        *
+        * @since 2.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $name Name for permalink structure.
+        * @param string $struct Permalink structure (e.g. category/%category%)
+        * @param array $args Optional configuration for building the rules from the permalink structure:
+        *     - with_front (bool) - Should the structure be prepended with WP_Rewrite::$front? Default is true.
+        *     - ep_mask (int) - Endpoint mask defining what endpoints are added to the structure. Default is EP_NONE.
+        *     - paged (bool) - Should archive pagination rules be added for the structure? Default is true.
+        *     - feed (bool) - Should feed rewrite rules be added for the structure? Default is true.
+        *     - forcomments (bool) - Should the feed rules be a query for a comments feed? Default is false.
+        *     - walk_dirs (bool) - Should the 'directories' making up the structure be walked over and rewrite
+        *                          rules built for each in turn? Default is true.
+        *     - endpoints (bool) - Should endpoints be applied to the generated rewrite rules? Default is true.
+        */
+       function add_permastruct( $name, $struct, $args = array() ) {
+               // backwards compatibility for the old parameters: $with_front and $ep_mask
+               if ( ! is_array( $args ) )
+                       $args = array( 'with_front' => $args );
+               if ( func_num_args() == 4 )
+                       $args['ep_mask'] = func_get_arg( 3 );
+
+               $defaults = array(
+                       'with_front' => true,
+                       'ep_mask' => EP_NONE,
+                       'paged' => true,
+                       'feed' => true,
+                       'forcomments' => false,
+                       'walk_dirs' => true,
+                       'endpoints' => true,
+               );
+               $args = array_intersect_key( $args, $defaults );
+               $args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );
+
+               if ( $args['with_front'] )
                        $struct = $this->front . $struct;
-               $this->extra_permastructs[$name] = $struct;
+               else
+                       $struct = $this->root . $struct;
+               $args['struct'] = $struct;
+
+               $this->extra_permastructs[ $name ] = $args;
        }
 
-       function flush_rules() {
+       /**
+        * Remove rewrite rules and then recreate rewrite rules.
+        *
+        * Calls {@link WP_Rewrite::wp_rewrite_rules()} after removing the
+        * 'rewrite_rules' option. If the function named 'save_mod_rewrite_rules'
+        * exists, it will be called.
+        *
+        * @since 2.0.1
+        * @access public
+        * @param bool $hard Whether to update .htaccess (hard flush) or just update rewrite_rules option (soft flush). Default is true (hard).
+        */
+       function flush_rules($hard = true) {
                delete_option('rewrite_rules');
                $this->wp_rewrite_rules();
-               if ( function_exists('save_mod_rewrite_rules') )
+               if ( $hard && function_exists('save_mod_rewrite_rules') )
                        save_mod_rewrite_rules();
+               if ( $hard && function_exists('iis7_save_url_rewrite_rules') )
+                       iis7_save_url_rewrite_rules();
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Sets up the object's properties.
+        *
+        * The 'use_verbose_page_rules' object property will be set to true if the
+        * permalink structure begins with one of the following: '%postname%', '%category%',
+        * '%tag%', or '%author%'.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        */
        function init() {
                $this->extra_rules = $this->non_wp_rules = $this->endpoints = array();
                $this->permalink_structure = get_option('permalink_structure');
                $this->front = substr($this->permalink_structure, 0, strpos($this->permalink_structure, '%'));
                $this->root = '';
-               if ($this->using_index_permalinks()) {
+               if ( $this->using_index_permalinks() )
                        $this->root = $this->index . '/';
-               }
-               $this->category_base = get_option( 'category_base' );
-               $this->tag_base = get_option( 'tag_base' );
-               unset($this->category_structure);
                unset($this->author_structure);
                unset($this->date_structure);
                unset($this->page_structure);
                unset($this->search_structure);
                unset($this->feed_structure);
                unset($this->comment_feed_structure);
-               $this->use_trailing_slashes = ( substr($this->permalink_structure, -1, 1) == '/' ) ? true : false;
+               $this->use_trailing_slashes = ( '/' == substr($this->permalink_structure, -1, 1) );
 
                // Enable generic rules for pages if permalink structure doesn't begin with a wildcard.
-               $structure = ltrim($this->permalink_structure, '/');
-               if ( $this->using_index_permalinks() )
-                       $structure = ltrim($this->permalink_structure, $this->index . '/');
-               if ( 0 === strpos($structure, '%postname%') ||
-                        0 === strpos($structure, '%category%') ||
-                        0 === strpos($structure, '%tag%') ||
-                        0 === strpos($structure, '%author%') )
+               if ( preg_match("/^[^%]*%(?:postname|category|tag|author)%/", $this->permalink_structure) )
                         $this->use_verbose_page_rules = true;
                else
                        $this->use_verbose_page_rules = false;
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Set the main permalink structure for the blog.
+        *
+        * Will update the 'permalink_structure' option, if there is a difference
+        * between the current permalink structure and the parameter value. Calls
+        * {@link WP_Rewrite::init()} after the option is updated.
+        *
+        * Fires the 'permalink_structure_changed' action once the init call has
+        * processed passing the old and new values
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $permalink_structure Permalink structure.
+        */
        function set_permalink_structure($permalink_structure) {
-               if ($permalink_structure != $this->permalink_structure) {
+               if ( $permalink_structure != $this->permalink_structure ) {
                        update_option('permalink_structure', $permalink_structure);
                        $this->init();
+                       do_action('permalink_structure_changed', $this->permalink_structure, $permalink_structure);
                }
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Set the category base for the category permalink.
+        *
+        * Will update the 'category_base' option, if there is a difference between
+        * the current category base and the parameter value. Calls
+        * {@link WP_Rewrite::init()} after the option is updated.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $category_base Category permalink structure base.
+        */
        function set_category_base($category_base) {
-               if ($category_base != $this->category_base) {
+               if ( $category_base != get_option('category_base') ) {
                        update_option('category_base', $category_base);
                        $this->init();
                }
        }
 
+       /**
+        * Set the tag base for the tag permalink.
+        *
+        * Will update the 'tag_base' option, if there is a difference between the
+        * current tag base and the parameter value. Calls
+        * {@link WP_Rewrite::init()} after the option is updated.
+        *
+        * @since 2.3.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @param string $tag_base Tag permalink structure base.
+        */
        function set_tag_base( $tag_base ) {
-               if ( $tag_base != $this->tag_base ) {
+               if ( $tag_base != get_option( 'tag_base') ) {
                        update_option( 'tag_base', $tag_base );
                        $this->init();
                }
        }
 
-       function WP_Rewrite() {
+       /**
+        * Constructor - Calls init(), which runs setup.
+        *
+        * @since 1.5.0
+        * @access public
+        *
+        * @return WP_Rewrite
+        */
+       function __construct() {
                $this->init();
        }
 }
-
-?>