Home Again

February 4th, 2008

We’ve made it back safe and sound to Boston. I’m in awe of how fast my Internet works here. We made it through customs undeterred despite suitcases full of chemicals and lab equipment. More amazingly, we were only charged once for overweight luggage.

Friday we did end up meeting with the folks from the mine. From the little we saw of their operation it was impressive. The mine engineers were very receptive, and it seems that it was a good courtesy call that could set the groundwork for future funding requests for sanitation improvements.The rest of the day we spent packing and cleaning the lab, as well as saying our goodbyes to our local support staff. Saturday was a long day of traveling with some complicated street navigation in San Pedro Sula in order to visit a market to do some last minute shopping.

I’ll conclude this adventure with a few numbers:

Number of Imhoff Tanks in Honduras: 25
Number of unintentional off-road experiences while visiting tanks: 3
Number of Sick days taken by the team: 0 !
Price for 15 minutes of Internet time: 6 Lempiras
Number of tortillas eaten by Matt Hodge: ~400

Just Enough Time

February 1st, 2008

A month is just enough time to fall into a daily rhythm, to grow to understand the basics of a wastewater system, and to really start to see the various personalities within a community. A month is just enough time to realize that you could dedicate a lifetime to planning and constructing basic services in a town and still have tons more work to do.

We’re wrapping up our work in Las Vegas and feeling quite satisfied with the experience and with the recommendations we produced. This afternoon (Thursday) we held a lengthy meeting in Spanish with the mayor and city engineers during which we shared our findings and recommendations, and discussed ways to move forward. We’ve been lucky to work for such a receptive and motivated group of individuals. (Below: City engineer, Marcos, and the vice-mayor sporting M.Eng hats.)

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Tomorrow we’ll clean up our lab space, run a few more tests and possibly meet with the influential mining company that provides a lot of economic support for the municipality. Then on Saturday morning we’ll head back to the States. Once I have a computer with USB capabilities, I will surely pass along photos from our adventures. See you stateside very soon.

Lost in Translation

January 29th, 2008

croppedmatthodge.jpg Matt Hodge Reports Today
That’s right, I’m guest-posting today. I’m doing this for two reasons: to discuss food and to set the record straight about Friday.

First, my appetite. We have had the opportunity to try some unique foods in the last few days and I am a little more amenable to palette-based adventures than Anne so I’d like to tell you what I managed to eat. Yesterday we traveled to Toyos to visit with some of Anne’s friends at a hospital. They were serving tilapia, a favorite fish of Hondurans, for lunch. Now I’ve eaten Tilapia before, and based on Honduras’s export credentials, I’d guess it probably came from here. However, I haven’t eaten anything with its head still on. I have to tell you, it is a little eerie to have the thing staring up at you while you eat. I erred on the side of caution and ate below the gill only. Overall, a tasty dish that I would willingly eat again.

Now mondongo on the other hand, I’m not sure I would eat again. On Friday, we were served mondongo, which is a coconut-based soup. If you’re thinking, ooh delicious!, then you and I are on the same page. But, when I found out that the meat in the soup was cow intestine, my delight turned to fright. I did my best “Fear Factor” impersonation and swallowed it down. I guess it didn’t taste terrible, but the knowledge of what it was really soured me on mondongo.

Lastly, I ate some oranges today with a friend. In Las Vegas you eat them with salt. It’s a strange, not particularly good, mix of flavors. I’ll probably skip it next time.

Lost in Translation
Now the second reason I’m writing is to tell you about a little “Lost in Translation” thing that happened to Anne on Friday. As she mentioned, we were in the Internet Café. What she didn’t mention is that a guy walked in and started talking to her. She thought he said, “Mal olor” or “bad smell,” and that he was telling her there was a problem at our lab. So we packed up and rushed back to the lab, only to find that nothing was wrong. As we talked over what the guy had said, we realized he must have actually said, “Mal amor” or “I’ve got it bad for you.”

The work has been slow lately. Luckily we’ve had these diversions to keep us entertained.

Enjoying the Wait

January 28th, 2008

If anyone is looking for an entrepreneurial opportunity, I suggest opening an Internet cafe in Las Vegas. It needs another one. Last week, one of the two Internet cafes closed its doors (we’re speculating due to a heavy rainstorm) and it’s now much more difficult to get time online. The last few days have not been as productive as we would have wished in terms of working on technical details of our project. This is our last week here and we still have several goals to accomplish, but external events have made things move much more slowly than we had hoped. Still this time of waiting led to quite a few interesting cultural experiences.

The municipality was using the space connected to our lab equipment as part of a dedication ceremony this weekend for its renovated building and new basketball court. We listened to speeches and, people watched in the park for a substantial part of the day. I think it was good to show our faces at the town event.

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On Sunday the offices were closed and we were left keyless from the previous events, and it was raining. (Our lab space is in the back of the auditorium building and we can’t do our remaining tests in the rain.) So, we decided to spend the day in Toyos, a city about 2.5 hours away, with friends from my work here two summers ago. It was a beautiful day of sitting on various people’s porches and hearing all the news I had missed in the past two years.

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Matt’s had some interesting adventures with food the past few days, so I think he’ll be writing a post soon to share some of that with you. :)

Tangled Web of Streets

January 24th, 2008

We have maneuvered the tangled web of streets that is Tegucigalpa, kicked some serious butt in the Spanish-speaking and comprehension departments, and strapped a 65-gallon water tank on the back of a taxi. We have just returned to Las Vegas, and to say that our trip to Tegucigalpa was a success is a huge understatement.

Armed with our Moon travel book, we left at 6 a.m. yesterday morning, knowing which highway would take us to Tegucigalpa, but little else. We had an 11 a.m. appointment with an organization called Agua Para el Pueblo (APP). APP was involved in the construction of our Imhoff tank, so we thought it would be worth chatting with the executive director. The map in the Moon travel book is definitely more geared toward backpacking than driving, but somehow we managed to get on all the correct roads and reach APP an hour early! (Streets in Tegucigalpa do not have street signs, so you should be really impressed.) Time and time again, I thanked my lucky stars that Matt has played a lot of video games in his life, so he’s an excellent driver.

Although APP had warned us they would probably not be able to find the original drawings for our tank, they totally pulled through and produced several sheets from the original design! Come to find out, APP didn‘t design the tank, they just oversaw construction. SANAA, the Honduran government’s water utility, had done the design work. The executive director of APP is an amazingly warm and friendly gentleman. When he remembered that he knew the original designer of the tank, he called him up and got us an immediate appointment. Our meeting at SANAA was incredibly informative.

After these meetings we headed to a huge Home Depot-type hardware store to pick up the supplies for our pilot chemical system. A 65-gallon water tank is very large, but the car we drive is not very big. When the tank wouldn’t fit in our car, in a taxi or even in the taxi’s trunk, Matt and I shared an unspoken concern: How on earth we were going to get the thing back to Las Vegas? Someone really likes us though, because we were able to fit the round peg in the square hole; we strapped the tank onto the back of the taxi.

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Our final task in Teguc was to pick up a DHL package from MIT containing gifts for our hosts. This was actually the most difficult portion of the day. First, the office had moved. When we found the office, we learned that our package was at the main office. The main office ended up being about 45 minutes away, and it took help from several taxi drivers before we were clear on its location. In the end, we did sucessfully retrieve the package. Thanks Gayle, for sending it!!!

Getting out of Teguc during evening rush hour was also not the easiest thing to do without street signs. We managed (in my opinion, quite skillfully) by following a river. We reached Marcala a little later than we hoped, but in one piece, and no worse for the wear.

Today in Marcala was a much slower pace. We enjoyed warm showers at the hotel and met up with my friend Fred from the International Rural Water Association and the Peace Corp volunteer we met on our visit two weeks ago. The tostada and uchuva juice were as good as I remembered!

Spanish on the spot

January 21st, 2008

Today is a rainy Sunday. We’ve been running tests everyday for the past week, but because of the rain, we’ve decided to spend the rest of the day taking things a little more slowly. I’ve been spending lots of time conducting “jar tests” in our lab space. Basically I use an apparatus with four, square 2-liter beakers and add different amounts of chemicals to them. I then mix the chemicals with the same regime as in our Imhoff tank, watch what happens, and take measurements. This process will allow me to predict what will happen in the tank before we run a full-scale system next week.

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So, today we’ll work ahead on the outline for our final town presentation in two weeks and do a few calculations that we have to get done that don’t require new data. The municipal office was closed yesterday, so I’m sad to say you’ll just have to wait until after Monday to hear how my gates turned out.

As for our presentation at the municipal meeting on Friday … it was quite an experience, and by experience, I mean painfully long and boring. We didn’t quite know what we were signing up for when the mayor asked us to present, but we thought it would be in good form to show up and present our project. The municipality of Las Vegas is part of the USAID “transparency” program on good governance. I’m not exactly sure what it entails in terms of funding or participation, but the meeting we went to is a form of open city council meeting. At a long table with comfortable-looking chairs sat what I understood to be city council members. The event was videotaped and an audience of maybe 50 town and country folks sat in the back. (The city’s population is 17,000.)

It started with updates in very, very rapid Spanish spoken into a microphone to no one in particular. It was nearly impossible for me to understand. But it was very noticeable when the Imhoff tank project representative read my and Matt’s presentation word for word as his own update. That was a pretty big blow, because when it came time for us to present, we had to try to mix up the wording a bit on the spot in Spanish. In the end there was no harm done.

About half an hour into the meeting they held an intermission and served sodas. At that point, we thought the meeting was half over and we could soon get back to our lab work. But we were wrong. The event lasted another three and a half hours. The crowd was very nice and attentive during our part, and we didn’t want to be rude and leave afterwards. So we listened to presentations on pipes, sex education and other things I couldn’t see on the screen or make out in Spanish. I’ve never been to a city council meeting in the U.S., but I imagine they aren’t the most interesting things either. I’m glad they invited us and that we showed up and participated, but I am also glad I don’t need to go to another such event for two more weeks.

We’ll be on the road Tuesday and Wednesday going to Tegucigalpa to interview an engineering firm called Agua Para el Pueblo about Imhoff tanks, and stopping by Marcala again to visit their Imhoff tank and get drawings. There’s a restaurant in Marcala that has amazing tostados and fruit juice called uchuva. I’m getting pumped for those tasty foods!

Rising With the Roosters

January 18th, 2008

Yesterday morning we rose before the roosters. Sometimes you have to sacrifice a little sleep in the name of data collection. We took a 4:30 a.m. drive to the Imhoff tank in order to take a flow measurement by the light of the car’s headlights. Unfortunately for us, our hotel locks its doors at night. It’s easy to get out (you just pound on the owner’s room door) but it’s a little more difficult to come back in (they are smart and go back to sleep). So we went to our lab space and started running tests. We ended up spending most of the day running tests. Although the day was long, it was productive.

This morning while Matt went to a lab about a half hour away to use their analytic balance, I had the pleasure of interacting with the local plumber about constructing flow gates for the tank. There was a lot of broken Spanish and hand gestures, but it was pretty fun and I’m interested to see what he constructs. This afternoon we’re giving a Powerpoint presentation for a city-wide meeting. I’ll let you know how it goes!

Plumbers adjusting the flow gates.

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Food, fun and, of course, wastewater

January 15th, 2008

Our hands may permanently smell like latex gloves when we return to the U.S. However, after seeing small worms in the wastewater samples, I think I’ll keep them on. Both Matt and I agree that antibacterial hand gel wins the award for most valuable item packed! Really the wastewater is pretty dilute and so not too gross.

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Monday was a bit of a roller coaster. Our morning started off with a walk to the Imhoff tank. We were greeted not only by the normal characters (goats, dogs, donkeys, roosters, and small children), but also by an unexpected sight: half of the system was empty! We found out later that the town plumber was draining it (we still don’t know exactly why—other than they are now overzealous with the cleaning). While it’s not good for wastewater to be discharged directly into the stream (especially because it dumps into Lago Yajoa below), we used the opportunity to take pictures of the innards of the tank and document depths.

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During the day we got a lot accomplished in terms of purchasing materials, but at the same time couldn’t find some items and had to rethink how we are going to measure the flow into our system. After about half a day of Spanish I start zoning out a bit. Speaking and listening tires me out.

We’ve had some fun figuring out how to transport gallons of wastewater back to our lab space. Basically we are a pair of pretty crazy gringos with Matt chauffeuring a big blue garbage can in the front seat of the car, while I hold it tight from the back. But it works! The rental car folks are seriously going to wonder what happened to their new Honda. With a lot of the transportation and materials lined up we’ve started doing all the water quality tests that we came here to do. Today was productive and it felt good to record data.

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I do want to back up a bit for all of you who I might be confusing about Imhoff tanks vs. oxidation ponds. Basically an Imhoff tank is a specially designed septic tank. However, rather than being for one house it can be designed to serve a city and so is a huge concrete structure. Water flows in the top into a sedimentation chamber and all of the big chunks of solids fall to the bottom. Beneath the sedimentation chamber is another chamber that is called the digester. This is where bacteria break down the solids into stable sludge ready to be pumped, dried, and reused as fertilizer.

Thsi picture shows workers preparing the Imhoff tank for the for the pilot test of Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment (CEPT).

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An oxidation pond, on the other hand, actually looks like a lake. Different organisms thrive in differently designed ponds, but the ones we visited used algae to treat the waste. On the pro-side of using an oxidation pond is you don’t have to pump sludge nearly as often. However, they require a ton of space. There are really a lot of factors that determine which—the tank or the pond—should serve a community.

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OK, so for those of you that I’m boring with the wastewater talk I do want to convey that our hosts are really great. We live at a hotel right up the hill from the city’s central park. On any typical day we hear music blaring, see men playing the card game “Casino,” and we can buy pretty much anything we want on the main street. We have made friends with a 10-year-old boy named Gabriel who works at the hotel. He’s as smart as a whistle and an excellent door opener. We are only about a two-minute walk from the municipal offices for whenever we want to pop our heads in and talk to the city engineers or the Mayor. We can walk another five minutes and reach Dona Prisci’s house for a generous breakfast, lunch and dinner. Although we think our cholesterol is going to skyrocket from all the eggs we’re eating, everything is very well prepared and tasty.

We enjoy the help and guidance of a gentleman named Evers. He owns a restaurant, is an aspiring politician, and was assigned by the Mayor to take care of us. We aren’t exactly sure what he does all day other than walk around and network, but he has been helping us immensely to get the things we need and he’s been practicing English with us and vice versa with us for our Spanish. Evers was the one who took us to the futbol game on Sunday (which was great by the way). We later found out he owns the team.

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All right. I must head out for now. Basically we are living the good life and hope that everything is also going well back in the states! Boston, enjoy that snow :)

Politics and public projects

January 14th, 2008

Saturday was another day spent on the road, this time visiting the two locations in Honduras where oxidation ponds are functioning the best. The chief engineer of FHIS’s infrastructure development group took us on tours of the systems in two cities: La Lima and El Progresso. Both consisted of parallel facultative and maturation ponds that have only been open for a couple of years. We were able to bring three people from Las Vegas who are involved in technical aspects of the water and wastewater projects. I’m glad they were able to see the vast amount of flat land required to build oxidation ponds. The terrain of Las Vegas (or what we’ve seen of it) would make that project very difficult.

The oxidation ponds we saw look beautiful and seem to be working well. However, everything depends on politics. With each administration change, all the civil servants are replaced. This creates a huge learning curve and the rearrangement of old contracts. For example, the operators in El Progresso told us that the original commitment was for a team of 10 maintenance workers, but under the new government, they have only two. Everything, especially in Civil and Environmental Engineering, is a combination of solid technical design work and politics. That’s just the reality.

On a personal note, after seeing the oxidation ponds, I was able to visit with my host family from a project I worked on in Honduras two years ago for a couple of months. It was amazing to reunite with them; that’s one of the things that really makes this type of international engineering work so satisfying for me.

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Today Eric and Ari are returning to the U.S. This means that Matt and I are setting our tentative schedule for data collection while we remain in Las Vegas. Some of our tasks will be to measure flow rates, do baseline influent and effluent water sampling (for COD, TSS, etc.), jar testing for CEPT, and pilot scale tests. Our remaining few weeks are going to be packed, but for right now we are off to see a local futbol game. Hasta luego!

Below: (R to L) Matt, Eric and I atop the Imhoff tank in Las Vegas.

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Constantly On the Go

January 12th, 2008

We’ve been living up to the stereotype that Americans are constantly on the go and working. In the past two days we traveled to Tegucigalpa, the capital of Honduras; Ojajona, a city about 30 minutes away from Teguc; and Marcala. This is approximately 15 hours on the winding, mountainous roads of Honduras. But the whirlwind trip was worthwhile, because we were able to make many meetings and obtain invaluable information and contacts.

It looks like our work will have much wider impact than Las Vegas; it has the potential to provide better wastewater treatment for all of Honduras. There are 21 Imhoff tanks across the country. Our understanding is that most of them are in a state of disrepair similar to those in Las Vegas. We met with FHIS, the social development fund of Honduras, and learned that it is promoting the use of oxidation ponds instead of Imhoff tanks.

In Ojajona, we toured a water treatment plant designed by the Cornell Environmental Engineering Department, and the people there gave us one of their chemical-feed system apparatuses, which will be helpful for our pilot scale tests. In Marcala, we toured an Imhoff tank (below).

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